By python 1. Problem Description:The total nuclear binding energy is the energy required to split a nucleus of anatom in its component parts: protons and neutrons, or, collectively, the nucleons.It describes how strongly nucleons are bound to each other. When a high amountof energy is needed to separate the nucleons, it means nucleus is very stableand the neutrons and protons are tightly bound to each other.The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) is the number of protons foundin the nucleus of an atom. The sum of the atomic number Z and the number ofneutrons N gives the mass number A of an atom.+ Binding energy -Nucleus(smaller mass)Separated nucleons(greater mass)Figure 1: Binding Energy in the NucleusThe approximate nuclear binding energy Eb in million electron volts, of an atomicnucleus with atomic number Z and mass number A is calculated using thefollowing formula:(A – 22)², asEb = a,A – 4,A³ – az¬- as-Eb = a, A - a½A3 – azAA3AZwhere, a, = 15.67, az = 17.23, az = 0.75, a, = 93.2 ,andif A is oddif A and Z are both evenif A is even and Z is Odd12.0as =(-12.0The binding energy per nucleon (BEN) is calculated by dividing the bindingenergy (Eb) by the mass number (A).You are asked to write a program that requests the user for a valid atomicnumber (Z) then goes through all values of A from A = Z to A = 4Z. For example,if the user inputs 5 for Z then A will be all numbers from 5 (Z) to 20 (4 Z)inclusive, see the example output in figure 2.If the user enters invalid atomic number that is not between 1 and 118, theprogram should give the user another chance to enter a valid input as shown infigure 2.Your main task is to find the nucleus with the highest binding energy per nucleon,which corresponds to the most stable configuration (figure 2), and writes a copyof the table to a text file named output.txt (figure3).In (25]: runfilel'/Users/hanzazidoun/Documents/2101/2101_52021/Progranning Assignnents/PA4/pa4_nuc lear.py, wdire' /Users/hamzazidoun/Documents/2101/2ie1_s2e21/Progranning Assignments/PA4)>>>Enter valid atomic number (Z) (1,118]: e>Enter valid atonic number (z) (1,118]: -120>>Enter valid atomic number (2) (1,118]: 200>>Enter valid atomic number (2) (1,118): 5Abindingenergybinding energyper Nucleon-448.996ww...-89.799-37.771-11.856-0.4725.2356.4236.386-226.623-82.990-3.778847.11164.22870.24555.00935.9521.794-32.682-78.825-123.453-177.641-229.307-289.1431112124.5842.766141516171819200.128-2.179-4.927-7.262-9.869-12.069-14.457The most stable nucleus has a mass number 10 2. Modular Programming:Your program should be modular and consists of the following functions:a) read ():- Ask the user for a valid atomic number (Z)b) compute_binding_energy(Z, table):- Build the table (a list of lists) of binding energy where the columns are:the mass number (A), the binding energy (Eb) and the binding energy pernucleon (BEN), while the rows range from A = Z to A = 4Zc) most_stable (table) :- Find and return the row that contains the highest binding energy pernucleon, which corresponds to the most stable configuration.d) print_table (table):- Print the table in a neat tabular format as shown in the sample run infigure 2.e) write_to_file(table, file name):- Save the table in a text file output.txt as shown in figure 3.3f) main ():-The main function is set up to make the calls to the functions asspecified in points a) to e)

def read(): #prompting and reading Z value from user Z = int(input("Enter valid atomic number…

(smaller mass) (greater mass) Figure 1: Binding Energy in the Nucleus he approximate nuclear binding energy Eb in million electron volts, of an atomic ucleus with atomic number Z and mass number A is calculated using the llowing formula: Eb = a,A – azAš – az¬- as (A – 2Z)² as A AZ here, a, = 15.67, a, = 17.23, a, = 0.75, a, = 93.2 ,and %3! %3!

(smaller mass) (greater mass) Figure 1: Binding Energy in the Nucleus he approximate nuclear binding energy Eb in million electron volts, of an atomic ucleus with atomic number Z and mass number A is calculated using the llowing formula: Eb = a,A – azAš – az¬- as (A – 2Z)² as A AZ here, a, = 15.67, a, = 17.23, a, = 0.75, a, = 93.2 ,and %3! %3!

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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