Sister chromosomes Polyploid Transcriptome Proteome Haploid cell Diploid cell

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Michael Cummings
Chapter2: Cells And Cell Division
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 5QP: Human haploid gametes (sperm and eggs) contain: a. 46 chromosomes, 46 chromatids b. 46 chromosomes,...
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Define the following terms 

  1. Sister chromosomes
  2. Polyploid
  3. Transcriptome
  4. Proteome
  5. Haploid cell
  6. Diploid cell 
Expert Solution
Step 1

The study of structural and functional activities of a cell is called as cell biology, all the cells have DNA as a genetic material in them in case of the humans and the DNA is in coiled form as chromosomes and there are two sets of chromosomes in an individual cell (except for the sec cells) in which one of the set is coming from each parent. the question is regarding the chromosomes and the nature of their existence in the cell which is explained individually as mentioned below. 

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