Question
Show that the change of the Helmholtzfree energy,F, corresponds to the work done when T and {nk} are kept constants.
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
Step by stepSolved in 3 steps
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- (b) Explain the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic conduction. Use diagrams where appropriate.arrow_forwardCalculate the number of microstates that are available in a single atom of carbon in graphite.The standard molar entropy (S°) of carbon is 5.7 J/(mol · K) and the Boltzmann constant (kB) is1.381 × 10 ―23?/?. HELP PLEASEarrow_forward8.6. A current of 10 A is maintained for 1s in a resistor of 25 N while the temperature of the resistor is kept constant at 27°C. (a) What is the entropy change of the resistor? (b) What is the entropy change of the universe? The same current is maintained for the same time in the same resistor, but now thermally insulated, with the same initial temperature. If the resistor has a mass of 10g and a specific heat of 836 J/kg - K: (c) What is the entropy change of the resistor? (d) What is the entropy change of the universe?arrow_forward
- A pure lead bar 10 cm long is maintained with one end at T = 300 K and the other at 310 K. The thermoelectric potential difference thus induced across the ends is 12.8 μV. Find the thermoelectric power for lead in this temperature range. (Note: Q varies nonlinearly with temperature, but over this narrow temperature range, you may use a linear approximation.)arrow_forwardPlease do Garrow_forward• Problem 3.22 The potential energy between the atoms of an hydrogen molecule can be modelled by means of the Morse potential -2(r – ra) (r V (r) = V exp 2 еxp where Vo = 7 × 10 12 erg, ) = 8 x 10-º cm and a = 5 x 10-º em.arrow_forward
- wouldn't it be -7.5J, if you consider ground as 0 and anythng higher is postive, the jar losses energy right?arrow_forwardplease show the work for a,b,carrow_forwardExplain how the likely outcome of the process would change without the contribution of the pairing effect. Include an energy level sketch in your explanation.arrow_forward
- Calculate the ratio of the number of vacancies in equilibrium at 27 C in aluminum to that produced at 527 C. The energy of the formation of vacancies in .aluminum is 68 kJ/molarrow_forward(c) If the gate oxide were destroyed by a static electricity discharge, speculate on how the current readings might be different from those that were observed.Be detailed in your response. (d)Using an electron mobility value of μn= 800 cm2/V-s and a gate oxide thickness of xox= 80 nm, compute the value of Kn= μnCox.From this value and some of the simulateddata points (where the drain current is saturated) make a rough estimate of the W/L ratio for the 2N7000 MOSFET. Does this W/L ratio seem reasonable?arrow_forwardConsider a system containing N distinct, stationary and non-interacting particles. Each atom has only two energy levels 0 and ξ>0. If the average energy per atom E/N for N is close to 0 determine (a). Sum of microstates (b) entropy per atomarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios