Second half lab procedures continued. 3.Using Matlab code in Lab 2, set up the systems of Prelab 2(a) and Prelab 3, plot the step response of each of the 3 transfer functions on a single graph. Also, record the values of percent overshoot, settling time, peak time, and rise time for each step response. 4. Using Matlab code in Lab 2, set up the systems of Prelab 2(a) and Prelab 4, plot the step response of each of the 3 transfer functions on a single graph. Also, record the values of percent overshoot, settling time, peak time, and rise time for each step response.

How to tell the difference between a open loop transfer function and closed loop transfer function?

4. a) Based on non-linear circuits: i) Draw a block diagram representing a general oscillator. ii) State the Barkhausen Criterion. b) Consider the Schmitt trigger circuit shown in Figure Q4(a) where the comparator output saturation voltages are given as Vm+ = +15V and Vm- = -12V. R₁ Vow VR R₂ www R₁ Figure Q4(a) i) Calculate the upper and lower threshold voltages at Va if R₁ = 10 k2, R₂ = 20 kn and VR = 3V. ii) Compute the hysteresis voltage, VH. iii) Sketch the transfer characteristics (V₁ vs Va). c) Consider the oscillator shown in Figure Q4(b). i) Name the oscillator type. ii) Deduce the oscillation frequency equation. R₂ Vb Figure Q4(b) V out Z₁

Give an example of an analogue device that can be used as a phase comparator in a PLL system and explain its operation.