Researchers studying osteoporosis (bone loss) suspected that women over the age of 50 in the United States are diagnosed with the disease more often than women over 50 in Mexico. They took a random sample of 200 women over the age of 50 from each country. Here are the results: Diagnosed with osteoporosis? US Mexico Yes 40 20 No 160 180 Total 200 200 The researchers want to use these results to test Ho: pus – PM = 0 versus H,: pus – PM > 0. Assume that all conditions have been met. What is the P-value associated with these sample results? P-value is greater than or equal to 0.20 0.05 is less than or equal to the P- value < 0.10 0.10 is less than or equal to the P- value < 0.20 O P-value < 0.01 0.01 is less than or equal to the P- value < 0.05

A geneticist was curious about the relationship between gender and dominant hand. They surveyed a random sample of 500 people. Here is a summary of the responses and the results from a chi-squared test: Chi-square test: Dominant hand vs. gender Men Women Right 207 227 Expected 208.32 225.68 Left 21 27 Expected 23.04 24.96 Ambidextrous 12 - Expected 8.64 9.36 X%3D2.876, DF 2, P-value 0.237 Assume that all conditions for inference were met. At the a = 0.05 significance level, what is the most appropriate conclusion to draw from this test? O This is convincing evidence that the distribution of dominant hand differs between the genders. O This isn't enough evidence to say that the distribution of dominant hand differs between the genders. O This is convincing evidence that dominant hand and gender are not independent. OThey lack evidence to say that dominant hand and gender are not independent. O Gender causes people to be more likely to be left- or right-handed.

age As a labor economist, you would like to measure the effect that an older sibling has on the average level of education for the youngest sibling. You randomly select 137 individuals from t Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY) that have an older brother (population 1) and 245 individuals that have an older sister (population 2) and compare the average level of education of the sibling depending on having an older brother or older sister. Which of the following is the best test to use for your hypothesis assuming only the following tests are available? Use "Formula Sheet Fall 2020" if necessary. Select one: O a. A paired sample t-test for the difference in two population means O O O b. Az-test for the difference in two population means c. A t-test for the difference in two population means with unknown but equal variances d. A chi square test for single population variance e. An F-test for the ratio of two population variances Finish

The General Social Survey (GSS) collects data on demographics, eduction and work, among many other characteristics of US residents. Suppose we want to estimate the difference between the average number of hours worked by all Americans with a college degree and those without a college degree. Is there sufficient evidence that there is a significant difference between the average number of hours worked by those Americans with a college degree vs. those Americans without a college degree? Use the following output: Welch Two Sample t-testdata:  yes and not = 3.1181, df = 1098.5, p-value = 0.001867alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 095 percent confidence interval: 1.011652 4.445822sample estimates:mean of x mean of y  42.81574  40.08701 Using the provided output, find the 95% confidence interval for the difference of the average amount of hours worked for those that have a college degree vs. those that do not have a college degree (ie: for the difference of two…