Read the article on the impact of Phenological Changes on Trophic Dynamics. 2. Why is this mismatch occurring (please use details), and describe how this positively and negatively impact the bears? How could this positively and negatively impact the salmon? How could this positively and negatively impact the elderberry
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- Organisms at the first trophic level ________. a. capture energy from a nonliving source b. are eaten by organisms at lower trophic levels c. are shown at the top of an energy pyramid d. are consumersIn your own case study, describe and illustrate how changes in an organismal population can have unintended effects on trophic levels or ecosystems. Identify the organisms and nutrients that are present in your trophic pyramid. Describe the normal flow of your trophic cascade along with whether removal or introduction of the organism has a positive or negative effect on other organisms or nutrient levels within an ecosystem.1. Kg is kilograms, a measure of mass. In this ecosystem, which trophic level has most mass? 2. Which trophic level is the original source of food? 4. Which trophic level consumes plants? 5. In this ecosystem, why would the wolf have more mass than the lion?
- The diagram below shows the tropic levels and relative sizes of productivity and biomass at four trophic levels. How can the size of the biomass in bottom trophic level be smaller than those of the tropic levels above? Biomass1. Billy is stranded on an island. He has unlimited access to water, six chickens, and a few bags of corn. He is considering his options for how to survive on the island until he is rescued. Draw a model of the food web and the trophic pyramid on the island for each of these three options. Option A: Feed all the corn to the chickens and eat their eggs. Trophic Pyramid Food Web Option B: Share the corn with the chickens. Eat their eggs, then eat the chickens when the corn runs out. Food Web Trophic Pyramid Option C: Eat the chickens first, then eat the corn. Food Web Trophic Pyramidx Read the abstract from the scientific journal article: Helfield, JM and RJ Naiman. 2001. Effects of salmon-derived nitrogen on riparian forest growth and implications for stream productivity. Ecology 82 no. 9: 2403-2409. From this Abstract section, select all below that correctly identify conclusions of this paper. Growth rates are significantly increased in Sitka spruce near spawning streams. Trees and shrubs near spawning streams derive ~34-43% of their foliar nitrogen (N) from spawning salmon. Trees and shrubs near spawning streams derive ~22-24% of their foliar nitrogen (N) from spawning salmon. Riparian forests affect the quality of instream habitat through shading, sediment and nutrient filtration. Riparian forests affect the quality of instream habitat by producing woody debris, a fertilization process that enhanced streambank production but also serves to improve streams for spawning and rearing of young salmon. Growth rates of Sitka spruce near spawning streams were no…
- 6. Mant top level consumers are large carnivores. Explain how their size affects or is affected by the dynamics of energy, biomass and/or numbers pyramids. 7. What other factors in an ecosystem may affect pyramid shapes for that ecosystem? 8. What level of an ecological pyramid would contain humans? Please explain your choice. 9. Many farmers use pesticides on their fields to keep pests from eating their crops. These pesticides, however, can have serious, negative effects on other organisms thaat interact with the ecosystem. For that reason, some people have suggested that bringing in predators to eat the pests would be a better soulution than pesticides. a. Explain what affeccts bringing predators in could have on the ecosystem. b. Which level of organisms is most susceptible to extinction. Please support your answer.An ecologist studying the availability of nutrients and the distribution of the plants that live in this habitat is working at this level. An ecologist studying the size and distribution of the Karner blue butterfly is working at this level. An ecologist studying the mutualistic relationship between the Karner blue butterfly and ants is working at this level. An ecologist studying behavior of the caterpillars when they are at different larval stages is working at this level. < Previous a Choose ] [Choose ] Community Organismal Ecosystem Population ThouT [Choose ] [Choose] No new data to save. Last checked at 6:55pm S CChoose the best answer. 1. The loss of energy at each trophic level is caused by the following EXCEPT: a. Food passing through animals are partially digested b. Energy is transformed from mechanical energy or other forms c. Energy is lost during anabolic processes 2. It is referred to as the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us, that which we can see, touch, and smell. a. System b. Community c. Environment d. Ecology 3. A group of plant and animal population living in the same environment a. ecosystem b. species c. community d. population 4. The variation in environmental conditions that is beyond the range of tolerance may result in a. None of these b. Deterioration of ecosystem c. Both b and d d. Loss of species that are vital links in food webs 5. Transpiration is a process involved in a. carbon dioxide b. phosphorus c. nitrogen d.…
- 1. Examine the food webs for Lake Victoria, East Africa (fig 31.2 a,b) before and after the introduction of the Nile perch (Leveque 1995). Calculate the mean food chain length, percent of trophic groups at various levels, and connectance for each food web. Oreochromis Insectivorous Fish Chironomids Chaoborous Man Piscivorous Fish Zooplanktivorous Haplochromines Rastrineobola Zooplankton Detritus/Phytoplankton Lake Victoria in the 1970s Detritivorous Phytoplanktivorous Haplochromines Figure 31.2. (a) Food web structure of Lake Victoria before introduction of the Nile Perch. [continued on next page) Molluscivorous Fish Molluscssupport or refute the following statements based on what you learned about energy flow, biogeochemical cycling, decomposition, trophic levels, and keystone species. You may add a diagram or illustration to support your answer. Shark fin soup can cause the collapse of coral reef ecosystemWhat biotic and abiotic factors will affect the aquatic plants in the lake? 2. What biotic and abiotic factors will affect the bluegill in the lake? 3. Looking at the organisms associated with the lake, organize them into three trophic groups: producers, consumers, and decomposers. 4. Separate the consumers into three subcategories: herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. 5. Create 3 different food chains found within the lake. Food chain #1 should contain 3 organisms, food chain #2 should contain 4 organisms, and food chain # 3 should contain 5 organisms. The arrows should point in the direction the energy is flowing through the food chain. You can either use the “>” as your arrow or the Insert Symbol function to insert an arrow into your food chains. 6. As the energy flows through each trophic level, how much energy is lost from the food chain as heat? 7. What happens to the number of organisms as they go up through the trophic levels? Explain why this…