Question: • How would you explain the idea of comparative advantage to a family or friend who does not study business? • Describe a real-world example of a country/region having a comparative advantage in a good/service.
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- 1-Analyze the following (2x2) matrices. Identify the countries having certain advantages. Moreover, specify the benefits of trade for both countries. A (2x2) matrix involves (2 countries exchanging 2 commodities or products) Matrix A Wheat (bushels/labor Cloth (yards/labor hour) hour) United States U.K. 3. (Numerical values reflect output per unit of input) a. Will trade occur??? Identify the country having the absolute advantage in wheat and the one having the absolute advantage in cloth. b. Identify the production possibility frontiers for both countries. c. Show me the gains of trade if we assume that the U.S. exchanges 6 units of wheat for 6 units of cloth.The table below gives the number of cars, or of coal tons, that a typical worker in the given country can produce per week. (a) Which country, if either, has an absolute advantage? (b) What is the comparative advantage, if one exists, for each country? (c) Calculate potential gains from trade, if any exist. (d) What lesson do you draw this example about the gains from trade? Country Cars Coal tons Kazakhstan 6 6 Russia 3 3Question 1 Consider the standard trade model with two goods and two factors, labour and capital. (a) Suppose that a country experiences an increase in its capital stock. How would the production possibility frontier change as a result? Illustrate this with a simple twogood diagram. (B) Consider two countries: Home and Foreign. Each country produces two goods, cloth (C) and food (F). Assume Home is an exporter of cloth. Assume also that Home is a large country. Now suppose Home imposes a 20 percent tariff on the value of food imports. What will be the effect of the food tariff on the relative price of cloth and terms of trade? Illustrate your answer with a relevant diagram.
- Suppose there are two countries Peru and Japan that produce Food and Fuel. Peru can produce 7,523 units of Food or 17,853 units of Fuel using a labour force of 8000. Japan can produce 5,733 units of Food or 24,156 units of Fuel using a labour force of 5000. (d) Which country has the comparative advantage in food? In fuel? Explain. (e) Which good(s) should each country specialize in?Food (Comparative Advantage) The consumption possibilities frontiers shown by the blue lines in the following exhibit assume terms of trade of 1 unit of clothing for 1 unit of food. What would the consumption possibilities frontiers look like if the terms of trade were 1 unit of clothing for 2 units of food? Production (and Consumption) Possibility Frontiers with Trade (Millions of Units Per Day) (a) United States (b) Izodia 600 500- 400 600 500 U 400 300 200 U 100 Food 300 200 100 13 0 100 200 300 400 Clothing 0 100 200 300 400 Clothing1) What does it mean if a country can produce something at a lower opportunity cost, and why would that be considered as a comparative advantage?
- Question 3a. What does “term of trade” mean? b. Using the information provided in the table below, answer the following questions. COUNTRY A COUNTRY B TABLES 4 7 DESK 1 2 b) Answer the following questions:i. Which country has the Absolute advantage in tables? ii. Which country has the Absolute advantage in desk? iii. Which country has the Comparative Advantage in tables?iv. Which country has the Comparative advantage in desk? v. If each country has 10 workers who can produce either tables or chairs, draw the PPF of tables and desk for Country A and do the same for Country B.1. Determine which country has a comparative advantage in each good.Suppose there are two countries Peru and Japan that produce Food and Fuel. Peru can produce 7,523 units of Food or 17,853 units of Fuel using a labour force of 8000. Japan can produce 5,733 units of Food or 24,156 units of Fuel using a labour force of 5000. (c) Which country has the absolute advantage in food? In fuel? Explain. (d) Which country has the comparative advantage in food? In fuel? Explain. (e) Which good(s) should each country specialize in?
- Country A Country B 200 corn 600 150 375 100 50 50 75100 150 200 cars 25 50 75 100 cars a) What is the opportunity cost of making cars in each country? Make clear how you find this and what it means. b) If the countries were to specialize and trade, which country should specialize in making cars? Why? c) If the countries specialize completely according to comparative advantage (i.e.each produces only what they have the comparative advantage in) what would be the total production of cars and corn? How does this compare to the total production at their original pre-trade production points? d) Suppose the country that specializes in making only cars trades with the country that makes no cars. The car-maker sends the other country as many cars as they were consuming before trade. How much corn could the corn-making country trade for these cars and have both countries be better off than they were before trade?Refer to Table 3-5. Which country has a comparative advantage in each product? a. Canada has a comparative advantage in airplanes, and Japan has a comparative advantage in neither good. b. Canada has a comparative advantage in cars, and Japan has a comparative advantage in airplanes. c. Canada has a comparative advantage in airplanes, and Japan has a comparative advantage in cars. d. Canada has a comparative advantage in neither good, and Japan has a comparative advantage in cars.Estonia Finland One Cell Phone 40 hours 15 hours Lumber (per board foot) 8 hours 4 hours Table 2-5 shows the number of labor hours required to produce a cell phone and a board foot of lumber in Estonia and Finland. Refer to Table 2-5. Does either Estonia or Finland have a comparative advantage and if so, in what product? O Both countries have the comparative advantage in both lumber and cellphones. O Estonia has an comparative advantage in lumber while Finland has the comparative advantage in cellphones. O Finland has an comparative advantage in lumber while Estonia has the comparative advantage in cellphones. O cannot be determined.
