College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question 2 ; The Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is a carnivorous plant native to the East Coast of the United States. The plant uses rapid electrical signaling to close its leaf traps when triggered by an insect. This signaling generates action potentials like those in human nerve and muscle cells. The figure shows a trap’s action potential in green, and its corresponding magnetic field in blue (Fabricant et al., 2021). Such measurements of plant magnetic fields could be used in future plant diagnostics, just as MRIs are used in medical imaging today. If the resistance (R) of the trap is 0.97 x 106 Ω, and the action potential is V = 9 x 10-3 V, what is the current (I)? Show your calculations below and give your answer to two significant figures with the units.
Hint: use Ohm’s law: I = V/R, substitute the given values to find the current (I) in amperes (A).
Calculations:
Answer:
Question 3
What is the strength of the magnetic field (B) produced by the current (I) in Question 2, at a distance r = 7 mm? Give your answer to two significant figures with the units (tesla, T).
Hint: use the equation for the magnetic field (B) at a distance r from a current-carrying wire. Remember to change the distance from millimeters to meters:
The permeability constant is μ0 = 1.26 x 10-6 Tm/A, and I is the current in amperes found in Question 2.
Calculations:
Answer:
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- A device called a railgun uses the magnetic force on currents to launch projectiles at very high speeds. An idealized model of a railgun is illustrated in (Figure 1). A 1.2 V power supply is connected to two conducting rails. A segment of copper wire, in a region of uniform magnetic field, slides freely on the rails. The wire has a 0.85 mΩ resistance and a mass of 4.4 g . Ignore the resistance of the rails. The power supply is switched on. What is the magnitude of the force on the wire? What will be the wire's speed after it has slid a distance of 8.0 cm ?arrow_forwarda toy train uses a magnetic field to propel it down a track. A series of flat, permanent magnets align the length of both rails of the track. In place of wheels, the train rides an axle that lays across the track. A current flows through the axle at all times. In which direction must the poles of the permanent magnets face in order to propel the train down the rails?arrow_forwardThe Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) is a carnivorous plant native to the East Coast of the United States. The plant uses rapid electrical signaling to close its leaf traps when triggered by an insect. This signaling generates action potentials like those in human nerve and muscle cells. The figure shows a trap’s action potential in green, and its corresponding magnetic field in blue (Fabricant et al., 2021). Such measurements of plant magnetic fields could be used in future plant diagnostics, just as MRIs are used in medical imaging today. If the resistance (R) of the trap is 0.97 x 106 Ω, and the action potential is V = 9 x 10-3 V, what is the current (I)? Show your calculations below and give your answer to two significant figures with the units. Hint: use Ohm’s law: I = V/R, substitute the given values to find the current (I) in amperes (A). Calculations: Answer:arrow_forward
- A positive charge is moving downward in a uniform magnetic. The charge initially is deflected to the right. What is the direction of the magnetic field?arrow_forwardTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique used to stimulate regions of the human brain. A small coil is placed on the scalp, and a brief burst of current in the coil produces a rapidly changing magnetic field inside the brain. The induced emf can be sufficient to stimulate neuronal activity. One such device generates a magnetic field within the brain that rises from zero to 1.1 T in 100 ms. Determine the magnitude of the induced emf within a circle of tissue of radius 1.6 mm and that is perpendicular to the direction of the field. e = mVarrow_forwardA device called a railgun uses the magnetic force on currents to launch projectiles at very high speeds. An idealized model of a railgun is illustrated in (Figure 1). A 1.2 V power supply is connected to two conducting rails. A segment of copper wire, in a region of uniform magnetic field, slides freely on the rails. The wire has a 0.85 mΩ resistance and a mass of 4.4 g . Ignore the resistance of the rails. The power supply is switched on. What is the current?arrow_forward
- At a certain location in Africa, a compass points 12° west of the geographic north. The north tip of the magnetic needle of a dip circle placed in the plane of magnetic meridian points 60° above the horizontal. The horizontal component of the earth’s field is measured to be 0.16 G. Specify the direction and magnitude of the earth’s field at the location.arrow_forwardTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique used to stimulate regions of the human brain. A small coil is placed on the scalp, and a brief burst of current in the coil produces a rapidly changing magnetic field inside the brain. The induced emf can be sufficient to stimulate neuronal activity. One such device generates a magnetic field within the brain that rises from zero to 1.6 T in 100 ms. Determine the magnitude of the induced emf within a circle of tissue of radius 2.0 mm and that is perpendicular to the direction of the field. = mVarrow_forwardSuppose you wish to measure the current in a wire. You have a device that can measure the strength of the magnetic field produced by the wire, but the device does not directly measure the current. If the device is place 2.4m away from the wire, and the magnetic field strength is 0.22μT, what is the current running through the wire in Amps?arrow_forward
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