Q3: find the current through the 48ohm resistor in the circuit and assume the diode is silicon diode and the forward internal resistor of the diode is 1ohm. 10 V D₁ D4 (i) 48 Ω ww D2 D3

Find Vo. Use a Constant Offset diode model with Von=0.5V For an educated guess I suggest considering D1,D2 and D1,D3 separately For circuit analysis you may want to consider a KCL @ Vo V2 5V V1 R₁1k R2 O ☆ A www D1 D2 1k 1V Vo R3 www D3 1k

In the given circuit, input voltage Vin is 3V and V2 is 1V. The resistance R1 is 1.5K. The cut-in voltage of the diode is 0.5V. Forward bias resistance is 10Ω. Find the current I.

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are diodes made with III-V compound semiconductor materials such as aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs), aluminum indium gallium phosphide (AllnGaP) or indium gallium nitride (InGaN), instead of silicon. The LEDs emit light when the device is operated under forward bias. LEDs of different colors have different turn-on voltages VD(on). For example: Color VD(on) Red ~ 1.6 V Yellow ~ 1.7 V (a) Model these five LEDs with a simplified piecewise linear model. (b) A rule of thumb is that it takes about 1 mA of current to "light" an LED while~ 10 mA is needed for it to appear bright. Use the piecewise linear model for the LEDs, for the over-voltage indicator circuit to the right, find the values of Vin which will cause D₁ or D₂ to light (i.e. when ID1 or ID2 exceeds 1 mA). Green ~ 1.8 V Blue ~ 2.8 V loks o mu Vin Red LED Red LED White ~ 3.8 V + lov 21 D₁ D2 -10V o t Vout 오