Q1 The ability of microbes to multiply or increase their population size is extremely important in microbial control, infectious disease and biotechnology. a) List FOUR (4) concepts of microbial survival that would be beneficial in food preservation. b) Explain any THREE (3) of the microbial survival concepts as answered in Q1 (a). Give an example to each of the concept to support your answer.

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Industrial Processes

Industrial processes result in the manufacturing of products (biological products, such as enzymes, medicine) on a large scale using different methods, such as physical and chemical procedures. Few products such as pharmaceuticals, agricultural products, food items, etc., involve microbes and their enzymes. Such processes are termed industrial biological processes. Microbiology and biotechnology enable us to utilize the ability of microorganisms to produce enzymes, primary metabolites, and secondary metabolites, which in turn help to produce the desired products.