Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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### Detailed Mechanism for the Transformation Reaction

#### Description
The image presents a chemical transformation where a cyclohexanol derivative is converted into a cyclohexene derivative under the influence of phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) and heat (Δ).

#### Provided Reaction Scheme
- Reactants: A cyclohexanol derivative.
- Reagent/Conditions: H₃PO₄, Δ (phosphoric acid and heat).
- Product: A cyclohexene derivative.

### Explanation and Key Points:

The main reactant is a cyclohexanol derivative featuring an -OH group attached to a secondary carbon in the cyclohexane ring. Under the conditions of H₃PO₄ (phosphoric acid) and heat, this substance undergoes a dehydration reaction to form a double bond, resulting in a cyclohexene derivative.

#### General Reaction Type
The general reaction is a **dehydration reaction**. This type of reaction involves the elimination of a water molecule from the reactant, facilitated by an acid catalyst and heat, leading to the formation of an alkene.

### Instructions for Students:
1. **Provide a detailed mechanism**:
    - Begin with the protonation of the hydroxyl group by phosphoric acid.
    - Show the formation of the carbocation intermediate after the loss of water.
    - Illustrate the rearrangement, if any, and the final elimination step resulting in the formation of the double bond.
2. **Answer the question about the type of general reaction**: Identify it as a dehydration reaction.
3. **Document your answer**: Write it out, take a picture, and embed it as an image using the following steps.

#### Steps to Embed an Image:
1. Write down the detailed mechanism showing all steps thoroughly.
2. Take a clear picture of your handwritten work.
3. Embed the image in the designated section in your assignment submission following the platform-specific instructions provided.
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Transcribed Image Text:### Detailed Mechanism for the Transformation Reaction #### Description The image presents a chemical transformation where a cyclohexanol derivative is converted into a cyclohexene derivative under the influence of phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) and heat (Δ). #### Provided Reaction Scheme - Reactants: A cyclohexanol derivative. - Reagent/Conditions: H₃PO₄, Δ (phosphoric acid and heat). - Product: A cyclohexene derivative. ### Explanation and Key Points: The main reactant is a cyclohexanol derivative featuring an -OH group attached to a secondary carbon in the cyclohexane ring. Under the conditions of H₃PO₄ (phosphoric acid) and heat, this substance undergoes a dehydration reaction to form a double bond, resulting in a cyclohexene derivative. #### General Reaction Type The general reaction is a **dehydration reaction**. This type of reaction involves the elimination of a water molecule from the reactant, facilitated by an acid catalyst and heat, leading to the formation of an alkene. ### Instructions for Students: 1. **Provide a detailed mechanism**: - Begin with the protonation of the hydroxyl group by phosphoric acid. - Show the formation of the carbocation intermediate after the loss of water. - Illustrate the rearrangement, if any, and the final elimination step resulting in the formation of the double bond. 2. **Answer the question about the type of general reaction**: Identify it as a dehydration reaction. 3. **Document your answer**: Write it out, take a picture, and embed it as an image using the following steps. #### Steps to Embed an Image: 1. Write down the detailed mechanism showing all steps thoroughly. 2. Take a clear picture of your handwritten work. 3. Embed the image in the designated section in your assignment submission following the platform-specific instructions provided.
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