Answered: Problems pertain to the P-value…

Problems pertain to the P-value approach to hypothesis testing. How is the P-value of a hypothesis test actually determined?

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Explain, in nontechnical terms, the concepts of statistical significance and Type I and Type II error. Type I Error: Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact a correct hypothesis. Type II Error: Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is in fact an incorrect hypothesis.
Problems pertain to the critical-value approach to hypothesis testing. Suppose that you want to conduct a left-tailed hypothesis test at the 5% signicfiance level. How must the critical value be chosen?
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If your question is that your significant hypothesis test is significant “enough” to have true meaning, what are some other things you can look at to determine practical significance?
What is the difference between the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis when doing a hypothesis test?
Significance testing is similar to hypothesis testing, except rather than comparing a p-value to a level of significance to reach a conclusion, the p-value is used as a measure for how strong the information from the sample is as evidence against the null hypothesis. A small p-value indicates that the sample provides strong evidence against the null hypothesis and is statistically significant. A larger p-value indicates that the sample provides weaker evidence against the null hypothesis and is not statistically significant. Suppose that two rival scientists want to conduct the following hypothesis test for a certain population: Ho: ≤ 60 Hy: μ > 60 Assume that the mean of the population is known to be 8.4. Scientist 1 took a sample of 36 from the population and got a sample mean of 63.164000. What is the approximate p-value for Scientist 1's data? Scientist 2 took a sample of 8 from the population and got a sample mean of 64.276582. What is the approximate p-value for Scientist 2's…
Find the P -value for the indicated hypothesis test. A medical school claims that more than 28% of its students plan to go into general practice. It is found that among a random sample of 120 of the school's students, 30% of them plan to go into general practice. Find the P -value for a test of the school's claim.
Female Physicians The percentage of physicians who are women is 27.9%. In a survey of physicians employed by a large university health system, 37 of 114 randomly selected physicians were women. Is there sufficient evidence at the 0.05 level of significance to conclude that the proportion of women physicians at the university health system exceeds 27.9%?Do not round intermediate steps. H0= (claim or not claim) H1= (claim or not claim) This hypothesis test is a (one tailed or two tailed) test Critical value(s)= z= (Reject or do not reject) the null hypothesis is there enough evidence to support the claim?
2. Can hypothesis testing ever prove a hypothesis true? How should we interpret an experiment where we fail to reject the null hypothesis?
For a hypothesis test, if the p-value for the test statistic is less than the significance level, which one of the following is a correct conclusion? Group of answer choices Reject the null hypothesis. There is enough evidence to conclude the alternative hypothesis is true. Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is enough evidence to conclude the null hypothesis is true. Reject the null hypothesis. There is not enough evidence to conclude the alternative hypothesis is true. Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is not enough evidence to conclude the alternative hypothesis is true.
The P-value for a hypothesis test is shown. Use the P-value to decide whether to reject H, when the level of significance is (a) a = 0.01, (b) a = 0.05, and (c) a = 0.10. P=0.0212 (a) Do you reject or fail to reject H, at the 0.01 level of significance? O A. Fail to reject H, because the P-value, 0.0212, is greater than a= 0.01. O B. Reject H, because the P-value, 0.0212, is greater than a = 0.01. OC. Reject H, because the P-value, 0.0212, is less than a = 0.01. O D. Fail to reject H, because the P-value, 0.0212, is less than a = 0.01. (b) Do you reject or fail to reject H, at the 0.05 level of significance? O A. Fail to reject H, because the P-value, 0.0212, is greater than a= 0.05. O B. Reject H, because the P-value, 0.0212, is greater than a = 0.05. OC. Fail to reject H, because the P-value, 0.0212, is less than a = 0.05. O D. Reject H, because the P-value, 0.0212, is less than a = 0.05. (c) Do you reject or fail to reject H, at the 0.10 level of significance? O A. Reject H, because…
High School Band - In most US high schools, students can play an instrument in three types of bands. A random sample of high school band students was taken and the results are summarized in the table below. Instrument type Band Woodwind Brass Percussion type Concert 31 25 8 Jazz 10 16 10 Marching 65 65 27 To assess whether there is a relationship between band type and instrument type, we conduct an appropriate hypothesis test. What is the p-value for this hypothesis test? Give your answer to 4 decimal places. Your Answer: