Problem Air at 30 C flows at a speed of 2.4 m/s across the top of a thin, square electrically heated plate. The bottom of the plate is perfectly insulated. The plate is 25 cm on a side and inputs 150 W to the air. (a) What is the average temperature of the plate? (b) What is the maximum temperature of the plate?
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- Air at 20°C enters a heated circular tube with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 3 m. The mass flow rate is 0.005 kg/s and the flow is fully developed with h = 40 W/m2. 20°C 0.005 kg/s D q" If the tube is heated by uniform surface heat flux of 1000 W/m?, calculate the surface temperature at the outlet (Ta) in C If the surface heat flux varies linearly in the flow direction as 500x W/m2, (x is in meters and equals to 0 at the inlet and equals to 3 at the outlet) calculate the mean temperature at the outlet (Tm.o) in °C = 128 138 145 152 167 116b) A 0.4-W cylindrical electronic component shown in Figure Q3b with diameter 0.3 cm and length 1.8 cm is mounted on a circuit board is cooled by air flowing across it at a velocity of 150 m/min and temperature is 40 °C. Take the pressure of air 1 atm and the film temperature to be 50 °C, determine the surface temperature of the component. Resistor 0.4 W D= 0.3 cm Figure Q3bConvection H.T. Q3: In an industrial facility, air is to be preheated before entering a furnace by geothermal water at 120°C flowing through the tubes of a tube bank located in a duct. Air enters the duct at 20°C and 1 atm with a mean velocity of 4.5 m/s, and flows over the tubes in normal direction. The outer diameter of the tubes is 1.5 cm, and the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of SL = Sr = 5 cm. There are 6 rows in the flow direction with 10 tubes in each row. Determine the rate of heat transfer per unit length of the tubes, and the pressure drop across the tube bank. For this square in-line tube bank, if the friction coefficient is 0.16. Also, the correction factor 1 for the square arrangements. Properties: (p = 1.06 kg/m', k =0.02808 W/m °C, u = 2.008x10-5 kg/m.s, Pr = 0.7202 and Cp= 1007 J/kg.K). Take C, = 0.286, C2 = 0.95 and m = 0.608. Ans. q = 23.12 kW, AP = 21 Pa]
- A steam reservoir is covered by a rectangular plate (its length is 1 m and width 2 m). The steam temperature is 95o C, and it is in contact with the plate. Over the outside surface of the plate, water is flowing at a speed of 3 m/sec at a temperature of 25o C. What is the mean Nusselt number over the plate? What is the mean heat transfer convective coefficient over the plate? What is the heat transfer rate to the water?Water from an industrial process flows through a long pipe of diameter 0.2m at a mass flow of 1.25 kg/s. The surface of the pipe is held at a constant temperature of 10°C. How long must the pipe be if the water enters at 83°C is desired to be cooled to 25°C? Be sure to justify the validity of your chosen correlation.Q2) Air at 20°C flows over a flat plate having a uniform heat flux of 800 W/m². The flow velocity is 4m/s and the length of the plate is 1.2 m. Determine the value of heat transfer coefficient and also the temperature of the plate as the air leaves the plate.
- During air cooling of oranges, grapefruit, andtangelos, the heat transfer coefficient for combined convection,radiation, and evaporation for air velocities of0.11 < V < 0.33 m/s is determined experimentally and isexpressed as h = 5.05 kair Re1/3/D, where the diameter Dis the characteristic length. Oranges are cooled by refrigeratedair at 5°C and 1 atm at a velocity of 0.3 m/s. Determine(a) the initial rate of heat transfer from a 7-cm-diameterorange initially at 15°C with a thermal conductivity of0.50 W/m·K, (b) the value of the initial temperature gradientinside the orange at the surface, and (c) the value of theNusselt number.One house owner with a pond on his property has decided to use the pond water to cool his house. His idea is to flow air through a thin smooth 10-cm-diameter copper tube that could be submerged into the pond. The water in the pond, at few meters below the surface is typically maintained at a constant temperature of 15°C. If he assumes the air (~1 atm) entering the copper tube at a mean temperature of 30°C with an average velocity of 2.5 m/s, determine the necessary copper tube length that would be needed so that the outlet mean temperature of the air is 20°C. You may consider the convection heat transfer coefficient of 1000 W/m2·K on the outer surface of the copper tube, between the pond water and copper tube. Since the copper tube is thin, the conduction resistance of the tube wall may be neglected.Consider the flow of oil (use unused engine oil properties) at 20? in a 30-cm-diameter pipeline at an average velocity of 2 m/s. A 200-m-long section of the pipeline passes through icy waters of a lake at 0?C. Measurements indicate that the surface temperature of the pipe is very nearly 0?C. Disregarding the thermal resistance of the pipe material, determine (a) the temperature of the oil when the pipe leaves the lake, (b) the rate of heat transfer from the oil, and (c) the pumping power required to overcome the pressure losses and to maintain the flow of the oil in the pipe.
- Q3: Air flows across a 20-cm-square plate with a velocity of $ m/s. Free-stream conditions are 10-C and 0.2 atm. A heater in the plate surface furnishes a constant heat-flux condition at the wall so that the average wall temperature is 100-C. Calculate the surface heat flux and the value of h at an x position of 10 cm. Answers: Q= 1414 W, b= 13.3 Wm?.CDetermine the convection heat transfer coefficient (in W/m?.K) for air flowing at a velocity of 3 m/s in a 10-cm diameter and 10-m long tube. Air enters the tube at 10°C and leaves at 20°C, i.e. air is heated. Take the property of air at 1 atm and assume flow to be fully developed. For air at 1 atm: Temperature k, W/m-K v, m?/s Pr 15°C 0.02476 1.470x10-5 0.7323 20°C 0.02514 1.516x10-5 0.7309 25°C 0.02551 1.562x105 0.7296 Hint: When the fluid temperature changes, we use its properties at mean temperature, unless otherwise specified. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.Air enters a rectangular duct measuring 30 cm by 40 cm with a velocity of 8.5 m/s and a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius. The flowing air has a thermal conductivity of 0.028 W/m K, kinematic viscosity of 16.95 x 10-6 m2/s and from empirical correlations, the Nusselt number has been approximated to be 425. Find out the convective heat flow coefficient (h). a. 54.71 W/m2 K b. 34.71 W/m2 K C. 44.71 W/m2 K d. 24.71 W/m2 K