Problem 3 The shaft consisting of steel and aluminum segments carries the torque T and 2T. Find the largest allowable value of T if the working shear stresses are 14,000 psi for steel and 7500 for aluminum, and the angle of rotation at the free end must not exceed 8º. Use G = 12 x 106 psi for steel and G = 4 x 106 psi for aluminum. ANS: T=4970 lb-in Aluminum 1.5 in.- 2T 00 Steel 2 in. T 2 ft 3 ft

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System of Forces

A force is an external influence or agent that changes the state of a system. According to Newton's second law, the force applied to a body is proportional to the change in momentum of a body. Hence, whenever a force is applied to a body, its momentum changes. If the body is at rest, under the action of force, its state of rest changes to motion. In other words, the magnitude of the momentum of the body changes from zero to a measurable value. Similarly, if the body possesses some initial velocity, it has some associated momentum, the effect of force can cause the body to halt or come to rest, that is, the momentum reduces to zero.