Problem 2 Sodium hydroxide is usually produced from common salt by electrolysis. The basic elements of the system are shown in the following flowchart. All percent compositions are mass percent. a) What is the percent conversion of salt to sodium hydroxide b) How much chlorine gas is produced per pound of product c) How much water must be evaporated at the evaporator per pound of product • Note: The composition are mass percent (convert from mass fraction to mole fraction) • Basis 100 kg of product stream • You may use atomic species balance for Na, Cl, H, andO Cl2 Hz H20 Sal- 30% Product Electrolysis System 50% NaOH 7% NaCI 43% H20 Dissolver Evaporotor H20 Solution

You now work for the new biogas company ‘WhiffGen’ who are scaling up a process to take waste bio materials and produce solid fuel pellets for biomass boilers. As a part of the feedstock treatment, chloride is removed as this would cause corrosion and possible dioxin generation in the biomass boilers. This chloride removal process produces a waste gas stream containing hydrogen chloride acid gas at 7% by volume in dry air.The packed column is to treat 175 m3 s-1 of the hydrogen chloride gas stream to a concentration of 0.3% by volume. The water used is high purity and is to have a concentration of 5% by weight after being passed through the column. Draw a simple block diagram of the column with the input and output streams labelled and calculate the volumetric flow rate of gas leaving the column.

10. A container is separated into two halves by a membrane. Your lab partner assistant, Thurmond, is supposed to place a MgCl2 solution on side 1 and a NaCl solution on side 2. He is then supposed to measure the rate of water movement across the membrane. Unfortunately, Thurmond is not very good about keeping complete lab notes and he has forgotten to write down some data and calculations. Using your knowledge of osmosis, complete the following table. Temperature is 15°C and the hydraulic conductivity for the membrane is 0.4 ml/atm sec. MgCl2 Concentration on Side 1 NaCl Concentration on Side 2 80 mM Osmolarity on Side 1 Osmolarity on Side 2 Difference in osmotic pressure 60 mosM across the membrane Jy 0.95 ml/sec Reflection coefficient (ơ) Direction of water movement

calculate the boiling point of a solution of 400.0 g of ethylene glycol dissolved in 400 g of water