Please help me with this algorithm. The algorithm should be in psuedocode format. Thank you.   Consider a situation in which you are provided some minimum spanning tree T which was formed from the vertices and edges contained in the graph G = (V, E). Now, suppose that I provided you with some edge (u, v) such that u, v ∈ G.V and δ(u, v) = w(u, v) (they are directly connected). We can say that a new graph G' can be formed such that G' = (V, E ∪ (u, v)). Design an algorithm that constructs T' from G' in O(V + E) time in the worst case (it may be bounded below this, but it cannot be bounded higher).

1. Run DFS-with-timing on this graph G: give the pre and post number of each vertex. Whenever there is a choice of vertices to explore, always pick the one that is alphabetically first. 2. Draw the meta-graph of G. 3. What is the minimum number of edges you must add to G to make it strongly connected (i.e., it consists of a single connected component after adding these edges)? Give such a set of edges. b.

3. Kleinberg, Jon. Algorithm Design (p. 519, q. 28) Consider this version of the Independent Set Problem. You are given an undirected graph G and an integer k. We will call a set of nodes I "strongly independent" if, for any two nodes v, u € I, the edge (v, u) is not present in G, and neither is there a path of two edges from u to v. That is, there is no node w such that both (v, w) and (u, w) are present. The Strongly Independent Set problem is to decide whether G has a strongly independent set of size at least k.   Show that the Strongly Independent Set Problem is NP-Complete.

You are given a weighted, undirected graph G = (V, E) which is guaranteed to be connected. Design an algorithm which runs in O(V E + V 2 log V ) time and determines which of the edges appear in all minimum spanning trees of G. Do not write the code, give steps and methods. Explain the steps of algorithm, and the logic behind these steps in plain English

please send correct answer for part a

Be G=(V, E)a connected graph and u, vEV. The distance Come in u and v, denoted by d(u, v), is the length of the shortest path between u'and v, Meanwhile he width from G, denoted as A(G), is the greatest distance between two of its vertices. a) Show that if A(G) 24 then A(G) <2. b) Show that if G has a cut vertex and A(G) = 2, then Ġhas a vertex with no neighbors.

2. Consider the graph G2(V2, E2) below. 2a. Find the MST of this graph with Kruskal’s algorithm. Draw the MST, and show the table [edge] [w(u, v)] [mark]. 2b. Find the MST of this graph with Prim’s algorithm starting at vertex 'a'. Draw the MST and list the vertices in order you added them to the MST. 2c. Would you get a different MST if you repeat 2b starting at vertex 'e'? Why or why not?

Given N cities represented as vertices V₁, V2, un on an undirected graph (i.e., each edge can be traversed in both directions). The graph is fully-connected where the edge eij connecting any two vertices vį and vj is the straight-line distance between these two cities. We want to search for the shortest path from v₁ (the source) to VN (the destination). ... Assume that all edges have different values, and €₁,7 has the largest value among the edges. That is, the source and destination have the largest straight-line distance. Compare the lists of explored vertices when we run the uniform-cost search and the A* search for this problem. Hint: The straight-line distance is the shortest path between any two cities. If you do not know how to start, try to run the algorithms by hand on some small cases first; but remember to make sure your graphs satisfy the conditions in the question.

Write a functionIsItASpanningSubgraph (G,H) which takes as input two graphs in nx format (not as dictionaries) and outputs True if H is a spanning subgraph of G and False otherwise.

4. Consider the graph G, shown below, which is simply a copy of K5. 02 V3 5 V1 24 V5 How many distinct spanning trees does G have? (Hint: Break up your search by the isomorphism type of the tree, as discovered on the previous page. So for example, start by counting the paths of length 5 in G. Then proceed to the next type of tree with 5 vertices. The total number of trees is 125, but please use this answer only to check that your solution is complete!)