Platinum has a naturally occurring radioisotope, Platinum – 190, with a half – life of 6.50 x 10" years. It also has several synthetic radioisotopes with varying half – lives. For example, Platinum – 193 has a half – life of 50 years, Platinum – 188 has a half – life of 10.2 days, Platinum – 200 has a half – life of 12.5 hours, and Platinum - 179 has a half - life of 21.2 seconds. a. What are the decay constants of the given platinum isotopes?

Ruthenium-106 (106Ru) is used to treat melanoma in the eye. This isotope decays by β– emission with a half-life of 373.59 days. One source of the isotope is reprocessed nuclear reactor fuel. How many protons and neutrons does the 106Ru nucleus contain? Identify the missing daughter nucleus in the β– emission decay of 106Ru below. How many years after 106Ru is implanted in the eye does it take for its decay rate (or activity) to be reduced to 27.5% of the initial decay rate? Use 1 year = 365 days.

Some Radioactive Isotopes Useful in Medical Imaging Mode of Isotope Decay Half-life Use in Medical Imaging B*, y B+, y 20.3 m Brain scan to trace glucose metabolism Brain scan to trace glucose metabolism Detect eye tumors Diagnose albinism, image the spleen and gastrointestinal tract Bone marrow function, diagnose anemias Whole-body scan for tumors Pancreas scan Lung ventilation scan Scan for bone diseases, including cancer Brain, liver, kidney, bone scans; diagnosis of damaged heart muscle Diagnosis of thyroid malfunction Kidney scan Heart scan and exercise stress test Carbon-11 Fluorine-18 F P Cr Fe Ga 109 m 14.3 d Phosphorus-32 Chromium-51 Iron-59 Gallium-67 Selenium-75 Krypton-81m Strontium-81 Technetium-99m E.C., Y В, у E.C., y E.C., y 27.7 d 44.5 d 78.3 h 118 d BlKr Sr vTe 13.3 s 22.2 m 6.01 h Iodine-131 Mercury-197 Thallium-201 В, у E.C., Y E.C., y 8.04 d 64.1 h 20!TI 3.05 d (1) The radioactive isotope phosphorus-32 is used in medical imaging as indicated on the table above. How…

Some Radioactive Isotopes Useful in Medical Imaging Mode of Decay Isotope Half-life Use in Medical Imaging B+, y B+, y Carbon-11 Fluorine-18 Phosphorus-32 Chromium-51 Brain scan to trace glucose metabolism Brain scan to trace glucose metabolism Detect eye tumors Diagnose albinism, image the spleen and gastrointestinal tract 20.3 m EF 109 m 14.3 d 27.7 d 44.5 d Cr Fe SiGa E.C., Y В, у E.C., Y E.C., Y Iron-59 Bone marrow function, diagmose anemias 78.3 h 118 d Whole-body : scan for tumors Pancreas scan Lung ventilation scan Scan for bone diseases, including cancer Brain, liver, kidney, bone scans; diagnosis of damaged heart muscle Diagnosis of thyroid malfunction Kidney scan Heart scan and exercise stress test 118 d 13.3 s Strontium-81 22.2 m Technetium-99m 6.01 h 8.04 d Iodine-131 B, y 1Hg 201TI Mercury-197 Thallium-201 E.C., Y 64.1 h E.C., y 3.05 d The radioactive isotope strontium-81 is used in medical imaging as indicated on the table above. If 51.l milligrams of strontium-81 is…