Place the following steps in the sliding filament theory of muscle cell contraction in the correct order:
1 - B. Depolarization
2 - C. Repolarization
3 - Na+ ion channels open, and Na+ rushes into the cell
4 - CA++ binds to troponin and tropomyosin, and removes them from the binding sites on actin
5 - A. The neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic cleft, diffuses to the sarcolemma, and binds to receptors
6 - b. the sarcomeres shorten, shortening the muscle cell
7 - Troponin and tropomyosin cover the actin binding sites again
8 - Ca++ is released into the cell from sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubules
9 - Ca++ is returned to the T-tubules and sarcolemma, using ATP
10 - The muscle cell is ready to contract again
11 - c. ATP releases each myosin head from the actin binding site , which attaches to the next actin binding site
12 - Na+ channels close, and K+ channels opening, allowing K+ to rush out of the cell
13 - The Na+/K+ pump restores the resting potential across the membrane using ATP
14 - Steps a through c are repeated
15 - The sarcomeres relax (and lengthen); the muscle cells relax
16 - a. MYosin heads bind to the actin, change shape, and pull the actin filaments inwards
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- How is the muscular contraction stopped (i.e.: how does a muscle relax after contraction)? 1. The brain stops sending the nerve impulse that commands the muscle to contract, interrupting communication at the neuromuscular junction 2. Acetylcholineesterase (AChE) is released into the synaptic cleft to destroy any remaining Acetylcholine 3. No mechanism is necessary. When the antagonist begins to contract, it forces relaxation and stretch of the agonist muscle. 4. Relaxation occurs as the myosin heads are "snapped" off of the thick filaments. This interrupts the crossbridge and allows for muscles to stretch 5. Relaxation only occurs if the brain sends a "stop" signal to the musclearrow_forwardWhat causes relaxation in a skeletal muscle fiber Select one: a. Myosin remains attached to actin b. Calcium is pumped away from myofibrils c. Voltage gated potassium channels open d. Voltage gated sodium channels inactivatearrow_forwardwhich of the following statement is true? a. Fast fibers have difficulty fatiguing b. Fast fibers have large glycogen reserves c. Fast fibers containe loosely packed myofibrils d. Fast fibers have a small diameterarrow_forward
- Crossbridges that form during muscle contraction are a bond between: A. Myoglobin and Troponin B. Hemoglobin and Glycogen C. Actin and Myosin D. Toponin and Tropomyosinarrow_forwardOrder the events leading to muscle contraction. Ca ions bind to troponin myosin binds to actin Nerve cell releases acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction troponin pulls tropomyosin, exposing the mysoin binding site ATP causing myosin to move (pull) actin toward the center of the cell the sarcolemma membrane depolarizes and triggers the sarcoplamic reticulum to release Ca ionsarrow_forwardWhich of the following could prevent skeletal muscle from contracting? Select one or more: a. Preventing calcium from surrounding myofibrils. b. Maintaining high levels of calcium around myofibrils c. Preventing sodium from entering a cell d. Allowing constant entry of sodium into a cellarrow_forward
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