Relates the relationship between pressure and velocity, both for compressible and incompressible flow O Law of Continuity O Bernoulli's Theorem O Perfect Gas Law O Compressible Relationship An amount of heat added to a unit mnass of gas will result in a differential change in internal energy and an expansion of the gas First Law of Thermodynamics Second Law of Thermodynamics O Law of Continuity Perfect Gas Law O Isentropic Process

Relates the relationship between pressure and velocity, both for compressible and incompressible flow O Law of Continuity O Bernoulli's Theorem O Perfect Gas Law O Compressible Relationship An amount of heat added to a unit mnass of gas will result in a differential change in internal energy and an expansion of the gas First Law of Thermodynamics Second Law of Thermodynamics O Law of Continuity Perfect Gas Law O Isentropic Process

University Physics Volume 2

18th Edition

ISBN:9781938168161

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter3: The First Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 91AP: A cylinder containing three moles of nitrogen gas is heated at a constant pressure of 2 atm. The...

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Global warming will produce rising sea levels partly due to melting ice caps and partly due to the expansion of water as average ocean temperatures rise. To get some idea of the size of this effect, calculate the change in length of a column of water 1.00 km high for a temperature increase of 1.00 C. Assume the column is not free to expand sideways. As a model of the ocean, that is a reasonable approximation, as only parts of the ocean very close to the surface can expand sideways onto land, and only to a limited degree. As another approximation, neglect the fact that ocean wan-ling is not uniform with depth.
A theoretical atmospheric lapse rate. Section 16.7 described experimental data on the decrease in temperature with altitude in the Earths atmosphere. Model the troposphere as an ideal gas, everywhere with equivalent molar mass M and ratio of specific heats y. Absorption of sunlight at the Earths surface warms the troposphere from below, so vertical convection currents are continually mixing the air. As a parcel of air rises, its pressure drops and it expands. The parcel does work on its surroundings, so its internal energy decreases and it drops in temperature. Assume that the vertical mixing is so rapid as to be adiabatic. (a) Show that the quantity TP (1 )/ has a uniform value through the layers of the troposphere. (b) By differentiating with respect to altitude y, show that the lapse rate is given by dTdy=TP(11)dPdy (c) A lower layer of air must support the weight of the layers above. From Equation 15.4, observe that mechanical equilibrium of the atmosphere requires that the pressure decrease with altitude according to dP/dy = g. The depth of the troposphere is small compared with the radius of the Earth, so you may assume that the free-fall acceleration is uniform. Proceed to prove that the lapse rate is dTdy=(11)MgR Problem 16.50 in Chapter 16 calls for evaluation of this theoretical lapse rate on the Earth and on Mars and for comparison with experimental results.
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Two cylinders A and B at the same temperature contain the same quantity of the same kind of gas. Cylinder A has three times the volume of cylinder B. What can you conclude about the pressures the gases exert? (a) We can conclude nothing about the pressures. (b) The pressure in A is three times the pressure in B. (c) The pressures must be equal. (d) The pressure in A must be one-third the pressure in B.
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