% coronavirus 2) which causes COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). The tests that are being performed are indirect ELISAs. In this case, the antigen that is bound to the wells comes from SARS- CoV-2, and the antibodies come from the serum of individuals that may have previously been infected with the virus. In this way, we can figure out if we may have reached herd immunity levels in the population. You may also hear that people that test positive for the presence of antibodies can donate their blood. That is because their blood contains circulating antibodies, and therefore, individuals that have survived COVID-19 can donate their antibodies (passive immunity!) to people sick with severe COVID-19 in the hopes of reducing the severity of the viral infection. PROCEDURE: For this lab, you will be completing 3 activities. In Activity A you will identify leukocytes by studying blood smears. In Activity B you will learn how to analyze ELISA results and interpret their meaning. In Activity C you will examine transmission simulations to understand immunity. ACTIVITY A: Leukocyte identification and analysis of blood smears 1. Circulating RBCs and a variety of WBCs. Using information from the introduction of this lab and your textbook, identify the different cells in the blood smear image by their phenotypes and state their primary function in the table below. B A Letter Leukocyte name Primary function A B C BIO 102 Lab 04: The Immune System and Blood Cells 6

Draw a diagram/flowchart and describe in detail the process of normal clot formation AND breakdown, including the role of factors, enzymes, plasma proteins, erythrocytes, platelets, etc.  Then explain, using at least three specific examples, diseases or conditions that can affect this process, leading to the inability to clot or the abnormal formation of clots.  Focus on the mechanism of each disease/condition, citing specific changes in genome, transciptoin/translation, etc.

A 6-year-old girl with chronic anemia requiring repeated blood transfusions is undergoing genetic testing. The patient's mother and older sibling have a history of mild anemia. Her peripheral blood smear shows hypochromic, microcytic red blood cells, and sickle cells. Doctor has expressed opinion to use electrophoresis for diagnosis. Please explain how may it work for this disease?

Describe each stage of an action potential in terms of what ion channels are active. Edit View Insert Format Tools Table Paragraph BIUA 12pt v ...