General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781285853918
Author: H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- For each of the following pairs of solutions, select the solution for which solute solubility is greatest. a. Ammonia gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C Ammonia gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 90C b. Carbon dioxide gas in water with P = 2 atm and T = 50C Carbon dioxide gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C c. Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 60C Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C d. Table sugar in water with P = 2 atm and T = 40C Table sugar in water with P = 1 atm and T = 70Carrow_forwardThe osmotic pressure of a solution containing 7.0 g of insulin per liter is 23 torr at 25 C. What is the molar mass of insulin?arrow_forwardThe freezing point of a 0.21 m aqueous solution of H2SO4 is -0.796C. (a) What is i? (b) Is the solution made up primarily of (i) H2SO4 molecules only? (ii) H+ and HSO4- ions? (iii) 2H+ and 1SO42- ions?arrow_forward
- 6-111 As noted in Section 6-8C, the amount of external pressure that must be applied to a more concentrated solution to stop the passage of solvent molecules across a semipermeable membrane is known as the osmotic pressure The osmotic pressure obeys a law similar in form to the ideal gas law (discussed in Section 5-4), where Substituting for pressure and solving for osmotic pressures gives the following equation: RT MRT, where M is the concentration or molarity of the solution. (a) Determine the osmotic pressure at 25°C of a 0.0020 M sucrose (C12H22O11) solution. (b) Seawater contains 3.4 g of salts for every liter of solution. Assuming the solute consists entirely of NaCl (and complete dissociation of the NaCI salt), calculate the osmotic pressure of seawater at 25°C. (c) The average osmotic pressure of blood is 7.7 atm at 25°C. What concentration of glucose (C6H12O6) will be isotonic with blood? (d) Lysozyme is an enzyme that breaks bacterial cell walls. A solution containing 0.150 g of this enzyme in 210. mL of solution has an osmotic pressure of 0.953 torr at 25°C. What is the molar mass of lysozyme? (e) The osmotic pressure of an aqueous solution of a certain protein was measured in order to determine the protein's molar mass. The solution contained 3.50 mg of protein dissolved in sufficient water to form 5.00 mL of solution. The osmotic pressure of the solution at 25°C was found to be 1.54 torr. Calculate the molar mass of the protein.arrow_forwardIn a police forensics lab, you examine a package that may contain heroin. However, you find the white powder is not pure heroin but a mixture of heroin (C12H23O5N) and lactose (C12H22O11). To determine the amount of heroin in the mixture, you dissolve 1.00 g of the white powdery mixture in water in a 100.0-mL volumetric flask. You find that the solution has an osmotic pressure of 539 mm Hg at 25 C. What is the composition of the mixture?arrow_forward6-74 An osmotic semipermeable membrane that allows only water to pass separates two compartments, A and B. Compartment A contains 0.9% NaCI, and compartment B contains 3% glycerol C3H8O3. (a) In which compartment will the level of solution rise? (b) Which compartment (if either) has the higher osmotic pressure?arrow_forward
- The osmotic pressure of human blood is 7.6 atm at 37 C. What mass of glucose, C6H12O6, is required to make 1.00 L of aqueous solution for intravenous feeding if the solution must have the same osmotic pressure as blood at body temperature, 37 C?arrow_forwardWill red blood cells swell, remain the same size, or shrink when placed in each of the solutions in Problem 8-101? Classify each of the following solutions as hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic relative to red blood cells? a. 0.92%(m/v) glucose solution b. 0.92%(m/v) NaCl solution c. 2.3%(m/v) glucose solution d. 5.0%(m/v) NaCl solutionarrow_forwardA compound has a solubility in water of 250 mg/L at 25C. Should this compound be characterized as a soluble or insoluble compound at 25C?arrow_forward
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