Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134746241
Author: Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher: PEARSON
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Part 2: Understanding Steno's Laws of Stratigraphy In order to understand a sequence of events in sedimentary geology, there are basic principles that Nicolas Steno (1669) outlined that we still utilize today. Define the following principles IN YOUR OWN WORDS: 30. Law of Original Horizontality- 31. Law of Original/Lateral Continuity- 32. Law of Superposition- 33- Law of Inclusion- 34-Law of Cross Cutting Relationships-
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Transcribed Image Text:Part 2: Understanding Steno's Laws of Stratigraphy In order to understand a sequence of events in sedimentary geology, there are basic principles that Nicolas Steno (1669) outlined that we still utilize today. Define the following principles IN YOUR OWN WORDS: 30. Law of Original Horizontality- 31. Law of Original/Lateral Continuity- 32. Law of Superposition- 33- Law of Inclusion- 34-Law of Cross Cutting Relationships-
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Using the above laws and principles regarding relative age, consider the following outcrops. For each one, list the rocks/events in age order (OLDEST TO YOUNGEST). **1.** Diagram 1 shows several horizontal layers labeled from oldest at the bottom to youngest at the top. The layers are intersected by an intrusion labeled "Intrusion R" and topped with an "Erosion A." **2.** Diagram 2 displays folded layers labeled with capital letters. The sequence includes "Folding A," indicating the folding event, and "Erosion N" at the top. **3.** Diagram 3 features horizontal layers with an intrusion labeled "Intrusion Y" cutting through them. An erosion surface labeled "Erosion U" caps the layers, which includes a folding event "Folding B." **4.** Diagram 4 presents various layers with a diagonal "Intrusion N" crossing through them. A fault labeled "Fault A" is also present, with two erosion surfaces "Erosion O" and "Erosion I." **5.** Diagram 5 illustrates tilted layers marked by "Tilting T," with an intrusion labeled "Intrusion R." Erosion surface "Erosion Q" and another "Erosion P" are depicted, along with a fault "Fault S." **6.** Diagram 6 consists of a folded pattern labeled "Folding A" and includes several distinct rock layers cut by an intrusion. Each of these diagrams demonstrates the principles of relative dating, showing the sequence of events that affect the rock layers, including deposition, folding, faulting, intrusions, erosion, and tilting.
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Transcribed Image Text:Using the above laws and principles regarding relative age, consider the following outcrops. For each one, list the rocks/events in age order (OLDEST TO YOUNGEST). **1.** Diagram 1 shows several horizontal layers labeled from oldest at the bottom to youngest at the top. The layers are intersected by an intrusion labeled "Intrusion R" and topped with an "Erosion A." **2.** Diagram 2 displays folded layers labeled with capital letters. The sequence includes "Folding A," indicating the folding event, and "Erosion N" at the top. **3.** Diagram 3 features horizontal layers with an intrusion labeled "Intrusion Y" cutting through them. An erosion surface labeled "Erosion U" caps the layers, which includes a folding event "Folding B." **4.** Diagram 4 presents various layers with a diagonal "Intrusion N" crossing through them. A fault labeled "Fault A" is also present, with two erosion surfaces "Erosion O" and "Erosion I." **5.** Diagram 5 illustrates tilted layers marked by "Tilting T," with an intrusion labeled "Intrusion R." Erosion surface "Erosion Q" and another "Erosion P" are depicted, along with a fault "Fault S." **6.** Diagram 6 consists of a folded pattern labeled "Folding A" and includes several distinct rock layers cut by an intrusion. Each of these diagrams demonstrates the principles of relative dating, showing the sequence of events that affect the rock layers, including deposition, folding, faulting, intrusions, erosion, and tilting.
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Follow-up Question

Follow up question from this previous questions about the laws

Using the above laws and principles regarding relative age, consider the following outcrops. For each one, list the rocks/events in age order (OLDEST TO YOUNGEST). **1.** Diagram 1 shows several horizontal layers labeled from oldest at the bottom to youngest at the top. The layers are intersected by an intrusion labeled "Intrusion R" and topped with an "Erosion A." **2.** Diagram 2 displays folded layers labeled with capital letters. The sequence includes "Folding A," indicating the folding event, and "Erosion N" at the top. **3.** Diagram 3 features horizontal layers with an intrusion labeled "Intrusion Y" cutting through them. An erosion surface labeled "Erosion U" caps the layers, which includes a folding event "Folding B." **4.** Diagram 4 presents various layers with a diagonal "Intrusion N" crossing through them. A fault labeled "Fault A" is also present, with two erosion surfaces "Erosion O" and "Erosion I." **5.** Diagram 5 illustrates tilted layers marked by "Tilting T," with an intrusion labeled "Intrusion R." Erosion surface "Erosion Q" and another "Erosion P" are depicted, along with a fault "Fault S." **6.** Diagram 6 consists of a folded pattern labeled "Folding A" and includes several distinct rock layers cut by an intrusion. Each of these diagrams demonstrates the principles of relative dating, showing the sequence of events that affect the rock layers, including deposition, folding, faulting, intrusions, erosion, and tilting.
expand button
Transcribed Image Text:Using the above laws and principles regarding relative age, consider the following outcrops. For each one, list the rocks/events in age order (OLDEST TO YOUNGEST). **1.** Diagram 1 shows several horizontal layers labeled from oldest at the bottom to youngest at the top. The layers are intersected by an intrusion labeled "Intrusion R" and topped with an "Erosion A." **2.** Diagram 2 displays folded layers labeled with capital letters. The sequence includes "Folding A," indicating the folding event, and "Erosion N" at the top. **3.** Diagram 3 features horizontal layers with an intrusion labeled "Intrusion Y" cutting through them. An erosion surface labeled "Erosion U" caps the layers, which includes a folding event "Folding B." **4.** Diagram 4 presents various layers with a diagonal "Intrusion N" crossing through them. A fault labeled "Fault A" is also present, with two erosion surfaces "Erosion O" and "Erosion I." **5.** Diagram 5 illustrates tilted layers marked by "Tilting T," with an intrusion labeled "Intrusion R." Erosion surface "Erosion Q" and another "Erosion P" are depicted, along with a fault "Fault S." **6.** Diagram 6 consists of a folded pattern labeled "Folding A" and includes several distinct rock layers cut by an intrusion. Each of these diagrams demonstrates the principles of relative dating, showing the sequence of events that affect the rock layers, including deposition, folding, faulting, intrusions, erosion, and tilting.
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