Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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# Understanding the Structure of the Multipolar Neuron This educational guide focuses on the structure of the multipolar neuron, a type of nerve cell, by color coding its key components. Below is the list of parts with reference numbers used in the diagram: 1. **Soma** 2. **Nucleus** 3. **Nucleolus** 4. **Mitochondrion** 5. **Golgi Apparatus** 6. **Nissl Bodies** 7. **Axon Hillock** 8. **Dendrite** 9. **Axon** 10. **Schwann Cells** ## Diagram Explanation ### Main Diagram The diagram represents the multipolar neuron with various labeled parts: - The central part of the neuron is the **soma (1)**, or cell body, containing the **nucleus (2)** and the **nucleolus (3)**. - **Dendrites (8)** extend from the neuron, allowing it to receive signals from other neurons. - Leading away from the soma is the **axon hillock (7)**, transitioning into the **axon (9)**, which transmits impulses away from the cell body. - The **Nissl bodies (6)** are dispersed within the soma, indicating the presence of rough endoplasmic reticulum for protein synthesis. ### Axonal Structure - Surrounding the axon are **Schwann cells (10)**, which form the **myelin sheath** facilitating efficient signal transmission. The **myelin sheath** is discontinuous, with gaps known as **Nodes of Ranvier**. - A detailed view of a **Schwann cell** is provided, highlighting the **nucleus of the Schwann cell**. ### Ending Structures - At the end of the axon are **synaptic knobs**, where neurotransmitters are released to signal other neurons or muscles. ## Additional Visualization The diagram also includes a magnified view of a Schwann cell to illustrate the layering of the myelin sheath and its relationship with the axon. This emphasizes the role of Schwann cells in neuronal insulation and signal propagation. By studying this detailed diagram and the numbered parts, learners can gain a comprehensive understanding of neuron anatomy and its significance in the nervous system.
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Transcribed Image Text:# Understanding the Structure of the Multipolar Neuron This educational guide focuses on the structure of the multipolar neuron, a type of nerve cell, by color coding its key components. Below is the list of parts with reference numbers used in the diagram: 1. **Soma** 2. **Nucleus** 3. **Nucleolus** 4. **Mitochondrion** 5. **Golgi Apparatus** 6. **Nissl Bodies** 7. **Axon Hillock** 8. **Dendrite** 9. **Axon** 10. **Schwann Cells** ## Diagram Explanation ### Main Diagram The diagram represents the multipolar neuron with various labeled parts: - The central part of the neuron is the **soma (1)**, or cell body, containing the **nucleus (2)** and the **nucleolus (3)**. - **Dendrites (8)** extend from the neuron, allowing it to receive signals from other neurons. - Leading away from the soma is the **axon hillock (7)**, transitioning into the **axon (9)**, which transmits impulses away from the cell body. - The **Nissl bodies (6)** are dispersed within the soma, indicating the presence of rough endoplasmic reticulum for protein synthesis. ### Axonal Structure - Surrounding the axon are **Schwann cells (10)**, which form the **myelin sheath** facilitating efficient signal transmission. The **myelin sheath** is discontinuous, with gaps known as **Nodes of Ranvier**. - A detailed view of a **Schwann cell** is provided, highlighting the **nucleus of the Schwann cell**. ### Ending Structures - At the end of the axon are **synaptic knobs**, where neurotransmitters are released to signal other neurons or muscles. ## Additional Visualization The diagram also includes a magnified view of a Schwann cell to illustrate the layering of the myelin sheath and its relationship with the axon. This emphasizes the role of Schwann cells in neuronal insulation and signal propagation. By studying this detailed diagram and the numbered parts, learners can gain a comprehensive understanding of neuron anatomy and its significance in the nervous system.
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