Paracelsus is famous for saying that “all substances are poisons; there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison from a remedy.” Explain what he meant by this statement. Illustrate your point using a graded dose-response curve

Q: There are several drugs that can interact with each other when given together. What happens when a…

A: Hello! As per per Bartleby's guidelines, we are allowed to answer only the first question in case…

Q: Which of the following is not typically part of an ART cocktail for treating AIDS? a. protease…

A: AIDS is a condition in which the host's immune system is suppressed. Many factors destroy the host's…

Q: Why is it important to include a placebo in a scientific study to assess the effectiveness of a…

A: A Placebo is a sort of phony treatment which is a substance or treatment which is proposed to have…

Q: the concept of dose-response related to the following statement by Paracelsus: “All substances are…

A: Although some chemicals, such as arsenic compounds, are generally recognised as poisons, many people…

Q: LD50 of a toxin and describe how you will calculate the LD50 from a dose-response curve?

A: Acute toxicity test methods is mainly measure the harmfull effects that take place within a very…

Q: Describe any significant challenges that were faced within the course of each drug's discovery and…

A: Introduction- The development of any new drug have to face many challenges which includes…

Q: Which of the following is not a property of an antimicrobialagent?(a) Must have a favorable…

A: Antimicrobial agent, any of a huge assortment of substance mixes and actual agents that are utilized…

Q: What is the "placebo effect"?   a. The physical response to a medication that contains active…

A: Placebo word comes from Latin language and it means  'I will please'. One research study finds that…

Q: Define the word poison sting?

A: In the competitive relationship, if one species is more evolved than the other species, the better…

Q: Why would adults be more likely to have an allergy to an insect venom than a child? Give one…

A: Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction,  which occurs in body as response to insect venom.

Q: Upregulation of receptors could lead to: Select one: a. Sensitization b. Desensitization c.…

A: Receptor proteins, which are frequently found at the cell surface embedded in the plasma membrane,…

Q: In many parts of the world, people have access to both conventional and alternative forms of…

A: The conventional form of medicine refers to the form of medicine that is treated by health and…

Q: Mrs. Anderson, a 45-year-old woman with a history of chronic back pain, has been taking X as…

A: Pharmacoepidemiology plays a critical part in observing the safety of pharmaceutical products,…

Q: Which of the following best represents a second line of defense: a. Both A and C b. Fever c.…

A: Defense is the first line of attack against germs and antigens. There are three lines of defense:…

Q: In 200 words, Explain the difference between venomous and non-venomous

A: Answers :  venomous means toxic, poisonous Such words is dealt with snakes whether they are…

Q: Describe the effects of a class of pharmaceuticals called the statins on patients.

A: Another name of statins is HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. The drugs which are included in this…

Q: Different hypersensitive responses can result from a bee sting. What type of hypersensitivity could…

A: i) This case is of hypersensitivity type 1 as the effect disappears within an hour and does not get…

Q: What is the meaning of dose-response principle?

A: DOSE:-  A dosage of the medicine given to the patient. Eg:- If 500 mg of paracetamol is taken dose…

Q: How could cyclosporine be used to treat autoimmune disease? be sure to explain you're reasoning

A: Answer- Cyclosporine works by weakening our immune system. White blood cells, part of our immune…

Q: What is the clinical significance of coagulase product ion? a. Phagocytes produce coagulase to fight…

A: Coagulase is the enzyme that helps in blood coating. Coagulase is not to fight infection. First…

Q: Circle the names of Regulatory Agencies in the following list 1) FDA 2) AAMI/ANSI 3) ANVISA 4)…

A: Regulatory agencies are independent government authorities that can exercise an autonomous dominion…

Q: Explain the following concept in human physiology and cite clinical instances, where applicable A.…

A: An immune response is a reaction that occurs within an organism for the purpose of defending against…

Q: B) Schedule II C) Schedule IV

A: The drugs are classified based on their medical use, risk of abuse and other factors. Scheduled…

Q: Explain why 2nd generation antihistamines are usually preferable to 1st generation in the treatment…

A: 2nd generation antihistamine are considered safe than 1st generation because they don't cause…

Q: A person who is allergic to pulse was advised to take a capsule of spirulina daily.give its reason?

A: It is a Cyanobacteria or algae. It is a rich source of protein over vegetables and animal meat which…

Q: All of the following are characteristics of defensins except:     A. There are two classes of…

A: Plants are exposed to different variety of pests and pathogens in nature. It has developed various…

Q: What is an allergy?

A: Allergy can be medical condition in which immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance…

Q: Prions are infectious proteins: Select one: a. TRUE b. FALSE

A: Infection is a condition in which the body is affected by an external agent like bacteria, viruses…

Q: The trypsin concentration is substantially higher than the inhibitor concentration. What is the…

A: Trypsin is a pancreatic protease which helps in the digestion of proteins. Trypsin is secreted in…

Q: Which of the following methods would be useful for measuring glutamate release in awake, behaving…

A: Microdialysis is an in vivo sampling technique, that is useful in the assay of extracellular tissue…

Q: Explain the rationale for this treatment strategy. Sometimes both booster and antiserum are given at…

A: Tetanus oxide injection is given for person who are at risk for developing tetanus toxoid…

Q: An implantable drug delivery device is a very thin porous material impregnated with drug. How deep…

A: Implantable drug delivery devices contain a drug reservoir coated by a biopolymer or a drug-polymer…

Q: Hypericin has: Select one: a. Antidepressant action b. Antiviral action c. Antineoplastic action…

A: Hypericin It is defined as a naphthodianthrone, and an anthraquinone derivative. Along with…

Q: Describe some intracellular host macromolecules that may be bound by steroid molecules to prevent an…

A: A biological system called the immune system is in charge of identifying and eliminating foreign…

Q: Why are animals used in laboratory experiments in toxicology? Explain the dose-response curve. Why…

A: Animals have typically been utilised in scientific tests to avoid ethical quandaries associated with…

Q: Among the following which one is anti angiogenic factor when Squalamine extracted from shark ? A-…

A: Biology is the defined as the study of life. There are two main branches in biology called botany…

Q: Which of the following is not typically part of an ART cocktail for treating AIDS? a. protease…

A: AIDS is a condition in which the host's immune system is suppressed. Many factors destroy the host's…

Q: Antigens include proteins, polysaccharides, and various small molecules that stimulate antibody…

A: Antigens are the substances or immunoglobulin which create response towards an allergen present on…

Q: Why are biologics (proteins and peptides used as drugs) are very rarely administered orally?

A: The Biologics  are very rarely administrated orally. It is because these drugs have low…

Q: Answer the following questions :(i) Why should medicines not be taken without consulting a…

A: A drug is a chemical substance of known  concentration and composition which is consumed by a…

Q: List three types of chemical reactions that prepare drug molecules for excretion from the body.

A: Biotransformation causes a chemical alteration of a drug within the body. It is the conversion of…

Q: Describe the interactions between gut microbes immune cells and enteroendocrine cells and how the…

A: Enteroendocrine cells detect gut microbiota cells and microbial metabolites. They are found in the…

Q: Describe a simple answer to the question in a 'explain like I'm five' format: What are the risks…

A: AntibioticsThese are medicines that help in fighting bacterial infections. These medicines kill the…

Q: Contains a bait molecule which sequesters and inactivates microbial proteases. Small protein…

A: Defensins, pentatraxins, bradykinin, psoriasis and alpha2 macroglobulin are molecules which have…