Örnithology The Christmas Bird Count (CBC) is an annual tradition in Lexington, Massachusetts. A group of volunteers counts the number of birds of different species over a 1-day period. Each year, there are approximately 30–35 hours of obser- vation time split among multiple volunteers. The following counts were obtained for the Northern Cardinal (or cardinal, in brief) for the period 2005–2011. TABLE 5.9 Number of Cardinals observed Christmas Day, 2005–2011, Lexington, Massachusetts Year Number Year Number 2005 76 2009 62 2006 47 2010 69 2007 63 2011 62 2008 53 Note: Σ - 432 , Σ -27,212
Continuous Probability Distributions
Probability distributions are of two types, which are continuous probability distributions and discrete probability distributions. A continuous probability distribution contains an infinite number of values. For example, if time is infinite: you could count from 0 to a trillion seconds, billion seconds, so on indefinitely. A discrete probability distribution consists of only a countable set of possible values.
Normal Distribution
Suppose we had to design a bathroom weighing scale, how would we decide what should be the range of the weighing machine? Would we take the highest recorded human weight in history and use that as the upper limit for our weighing scale? This may not be a great idea as the sensitivity of the scale would get reduced if the range is too large. At the same time, if we keep the upper limit too low, it may not be usable for a large percentage of the population!
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