Once the populations are separated evolution can occur through multiple mechanisms. Natural selection could act on each population, where some individuals have favorable traits for survival. Genetic drift can occur, where genotypes become more common due to random chance. These mechanisms can lead to each subpopulation becoming so different, that they can no longer interbreed and are considered separate species. TIME 00 ORIGINAL POPULATION GEOGRAPHIC REPRODUCTIVE SPECIATION BARRIER ISOLATION We have documented many examples of this type of speciation occurring. Darwin's finches are the most famous example. In the model shown below, discuss what kind of geographic barriers would have led to the finch speciation in the Galapagos.

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A:

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Ecological adaptations

An ecological adaptation is any morphological, physiological, or behavioral trait of an organism that allows it to survive and reproduce in a habitat or ecosystem. Adaptation is a biological mechanism by which an organism gradually gets more acclimated to its surroundings.