Now consider the opposite problem: using an encryption algorithm to construct a oneway hash function. Consider using RSA with a known key. Then process a message consisting of a sequence of blocks as follows: Encrypt the first block, XOR the result with the second block and encrypt again, etc. Show that this scheme is not secure by solving the following problem. Given a two-block message B1, B2, and its hash RSAH(B1, B2) = RSA(RSA (B1) +B2) Given an arbitrary block C1, choose C2 so that RSAH(C1, C2) = RSAH(B1, B2). Thus, the hash function does not satisfy weak collision resistance.

Q: Given input {4371, 1323, 6173, 4199, 4344, 9679, 1989} and a hash function h(x) = x mod 10, show the…

A:

Q: Consider a cuckoo hash table for six items, with two tables of size 5 3. Cuckoo hashing. (şimilar to…

A: Solution: Cuckoo hashing is a type of hashing where two hash functions h1 and h2 are used such that…

Q: A good cryptographic hashing algorithm should produce random outputs; that is, the probability of…

A:

Q: Given the input {4371, 1323, 6173, 4199, 4344, 9679, 1989}, a fixed table size of 10 with linear…

A:

Q: 1- Which is the most secure method of exchanging secret keys? A-Text B. Email C. Phone D.…

A: Sol. 1 Asymmetric Algorithm

Q: Consider an extensible hash table that uses 4-bit hash keys and stores two records per bucket.…

A:

Q: Given the public key (15, 5) and private key (15,11), and the following hash algorithm, with input…

A:

Q: Message encryption alone does not necessarly provide a secure form of authentication. True False A…

A: True

Q: ) Let h be a collision resistant hash function. Now consider the following function H that is…

A: A collision occurs when multiple values ​​hashed by a particular hash function hash to the same…

Q: ) In the time-variant password authentication method, server B sends a random challenge number c to…

A: By obtaining the value of c and determining h, attacker X is able to successfully impersonate A…

Q: 3. Suppose you are given a hash function h : {0, 1}* → {0, 1}100, and a machine M that can compute…

A: Hash function – A hash function H is a transformation that takes a variable sized input m and…

Q: A well designed hash function normally has multiple properties, including collision resistance,…

A: the answer is

Q: Consider a OBHTin which the keys are student identifiers (strings of 6 digits). Assume the following…

A: Given: The strings of 6 digits.  000014, 990021, 990019, 970036, 000015, 970012, 970023. hash(id) =…

Q: Write a Java UDP programs allowing two parties to establish a secure communication channel. For…

A: Write a Java UDP programs allowing two parties to establish a  secure communication channel. For…

Q: Let the input size of a block cipher be 16 bits and the block cipher is used in the electronic code…

A: Answer : The Electronic Code Book (ECB) mode uses simple substitution, making it one of the easiest…

Q: Consider a linear hash table that uses 4-bit hash keys and stores two records per bucket. The…

A: Consider a straightforward hash table that uses 4-bit hash keys and keeps two records in each…

Q: Can an AES key be shared secret encrypted? Justify your response Distinguish between hash and keyed…

A: Encryption: The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a set of rules for encrypt The Advanced…

Q: Consider a hash table of size 11 with hash function h(x) = 2x mod 11. Draw the table that results…

A: Answer: h(x)=2x(mod11) and we have explain in more explanation

Q: How

A: She compares h(M) to DSeB mod N.

Q: Consider a hash function collision resistant or strong collision resistant if it is computationally…

A: Collision resistance: It is computationally infeasible to find a pair x1 ≠ x2 such that h(x1) =…

Q: Supposc a hash function is defined using a good-quality cncryption algorithm Er (m). For…

A: A hash function takes a variable sized input message and produces a fixed-sized output. The output…

Q: Given the following table describing the procedure for Alice to send a signed message with DSA…

A: Procedure for Alice to send a signed message with DSA signature to Bob

Q: 10. Consider a hash table that uses the linear probing technique with the following hash function…

A: The hash function is f(x) = (5x+4)%11 Here we are linear probing ie if collision then choose the…

Q: Consider a hash table with size m=5, and we want to insert the following item in it "909897'…

A: given formula:-  (2k+3) mod 5  k value is 909897 put the k value in above formula.

Q: Given that, hash(x)= 6da96dec2995ce9f2756f1ceb4f883b3e957f56fb5a649a6e3c02586207939be Identify the…

A: SUMMARY: -   Hence, we discussed all the points.

Q: Suppose that the size of the hash table is 101. Further suppose that certain keys with the indices…

A: In Linear probing, When a collision occurs then linear probe for the next empty indices. H(x) =…

Q: Consider a hash table of size 11 with hash function h(x) = x mod 11. Draw the tablethat results…

A:

Q: Consider a open bucket hash table and closed bucket hash table in which the keys are student…

A: Given: The strings of 6 digits.  000014, 990021, 990019, 970036, 000015, 970012, 970023. hash(id) =…

Q: Suppose that you receive a digital certificate that contains M and (h(M)]CA, where M = (Alice,…

A: Identifying the sender of certificate in a digital certificate The digital certificate contains M…

Q: Recall that the sponge construction describes how to turn a public random permutation into a…

A: I am giving the resulting blocks answers along with the calculation in the next step Truth table of…

Q: We shall work with an RSA encryption exponent e that is a prime. For this application, the bigger e…

A: The RSA algorithm is an asymmetric encryption algorithm. Asymmetry actually means that it works with…

Q: Suppose that each of the keys on the right table are inserted into an initially empty linear-probing…

A: If the given hash table is initially empty, one should check the keys having competition to find the…

Q: Consider a hash table with size m=5, and we want to insert the following item in it "13AC' consider…

A: 13AC into decimal  1*163+3*162+10*161+12*160 =5036

Q: c) Consider a hash table of size 11 with hash function h(x) = x mod 11. For each of the three…

A: a) Algorithm: 1 - input the rootNode. 2 - input the name(the name which is being searched). 3 - if…

Q: Consider a hash table of size M using separate chaining with ordered lists and the hash function…

A: Here size of hash table = M Number of elements inserted in hash table = N So, load factor

Q: I am using a proof of work protocol with a 8-bit hash function. In other words, the digest is always…

A: Hash function:- A hash function transforms strings of various lengths into fixed-length strings…

Q: Assume a hash function H(m) which is collision resistant. This particular function maps a message of…

A: Here, I have to provide a solution to the above question.

Q: Given input {4371, 1323, 6173, 4199, 4344, 9679, 1989} and a hash function h(x) = x mod 10, show the…

A: Given : Given input {4371, 1323, 6173, 4199, 4344, 9679, 1989} and a hashfunction h(x) = x mod 10,…

Q: To sce how the birthday attack works, let us model a hashing function by a probabilistic algorithm.…

A: How can we reduce the memory consumption? Following is detailed algorithm that uses O(n) extra space…

Q: Suppose an adversary uses brute-force to attack hash functions. For a general hash function with…

A: Explanation: MD5 generally represents 32 hex digits and 128 bits are used in length but in contrast…

Q: Suppose that the size of the hash table is 101. Further suppose that certain keys with the indices…

A: size if hash table - 101 Given keys - 15, 101, 116, 0, 217

Q: Problem 4. Let H : M → {0,1}" be a collision resistant hash function (CRHF). Show that truncating…

A: Assume there exists a collision-resistant HH from MM to {0,1}n{0,1}n; that MM has at least two…

Q: Consider inserting the keys 10, 22, 31, 4, 15, 28, 17, 88, 59 into a hash table of length m = 11…

A: Linear probing: The hash function for the linear probing is: h (k, i) = (h’ (k) + i) mod m where h’k…

Q: Consider a hash function h(x) = x mod 2256, that is, the hash function returnsthe last 256 bits of…

A: a) Collision resistance: "No", the hash functions will not return the last 256 bits of “x”. Reason:…

Q: Assume a hash function H(m) which is collision resistant. This particular function maps a message of…

A: Hey there, i have read the question carefully and now i am writing below the required solution for…

Q: b. Now consider we want to reduce this number by generating a smaller pool of prime numbers and…

A: The answer is

Hash Table

A hash table also called a hash map, is a data structure that maps key-value pairs. The hash table can be used in complex systems to provide fast access and compact storage. A hash table is a structure that stores data in an abstract data type kind of associative array. It keeps data in an array format, with a distinct index value for every data value. If the index of the required data is known, then the data can be accessed very easily.