Name these organic compounds: | Η Η | Η Η Η II | H=C=C=H Η | H —C =C=C=C=C=C=C=H structure H Η | Η H H H Η Η H H | | | | Η Η Η Η Η | | | H=C=C=C-H name
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
According to IUPAC nomenclature :
- Select the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms called as parents chain.
- Number the carbon atoms of parent chain starting from that and which gives lowest possible number to the carbon atom carrying substituent.
- The general formula to name the compound is given as prefix + root word + suffix.
- The root word represents the count of carbon atoms that constitute the longest continuous chain.
- The suffix comprises a primary suffix and a secondary suffix. The primary suffix is the type of bond present in the compound (single, double, or triple) whereas the secondary suffix is any functional group.
Suffix for alkanes = 'ane '
Prefixes meth, eth, prop, but, pent, hex , hept etc. are used respectively for one, two, three, four, five , six , seven carbon atoms in the chain
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