NaF .CI i) Nal ii) .CI

Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Which of the reactions will have a faster rate?
### Reaction Schematic

In the provided image, two separate chemical reactions are illustrated. These reactions involve a nucleophilic substitution, where a leaving group is replaced by another nucleophile.

**Reaction i:**

- **Structure:** The reactant is an alkyl chloride, specifically chloropropane, with the molecular formula C3H7Cl.
- **Reagent:** Sodium fluoride (NaF) is used as the reagent.
- **Reaction Description:** This reaction involves the substitution of the chlorine atom (Cl) in the alkyl chloride with a fluoride ion (F-) from the sodium fluoride, resulting in the formation of propyl fluoride.

**Reaction ii:**

- **Structure:** The reactant is another alkyl chloride, specifically chlorobutane, with the molecular formula C4H9Cl.
- **Reagent:** Sodium iodide (NaI) is used as the reagent.
- **Reaction Description:** This reaction involves the substitution of the chlorine atom (Cl) in the alkyl chloride with an iodide ion (I-) from the sodium iodide, resulting in the formation of butyl iodide.

**Overall Explanation:**

The reactions demonstrate the concept of nucleophilic substitution, where the halogen (Cl) in primary alkyl halides is replaced by a halide ion from the salt reagent used (fluoride from NaF or iodide from NaI). The reactions exemplify common transformations in organic synthesis, highlighting the reactivity and selectivity of halides in substitution reactions.
Transcribed Image Text:### Reaction Schematic In the provided image, two separate chemical reactions are illustrated. These reactions involve a nucleophilic substitution, where a leaving group is replaced by another nucleophile. **Reaction i:** - **Structure:** The reactant is an alkyl chloride, specifically chloropropane, with the molecular formula C3H7Cl. - **Reagent:** Sodium fluoride (NaF) is used as the reagent. - **Reaction Description:** This reaction involves the substitution of the chlorine atom (Cl) in the alkyl chloride with a fluoride ion (F-) from the sodium fluoride, resulting in the formation of propyl fluoride. **Reaction ii:** - **Structure:** The reactant is another alkyl chloride, specifically chlorobutane, with the molecular formula C4H9Cl. - **Reagent:** Sodium iodide (NaI) is used as the reagent. - **Reaction Description:** This reaction involves the substitution of the chlorine atom (Cl) in the alkyl chloride with an iodide ion (I-) from the sodium iodide, resulting in the formation of butyl iodide. **Overall Explanation:** The reactions demonstrate the concept of nucleophilic substitution, where the halogen (Cl) in primary alkyl halides is replaced by a halide ion from the salt reagent used (fluoride from NaF or iodide from NaI). The reactions exemplify common transformations in organic synthesis, highlighting the reactivity and selectivity of halides in substitution reactions.
Expert Solution
Step 1

In SN2 reaction, reaction rate depends on the

1) substrate

2) nucleophile

 

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