Most mutations relevant to evolution occur because A. of DNA replication during mitosis B. of DNA replication errors during meiosis C. of mutagens such as UV light D. All of the above E. A & B only   Group of answer choices A. B. C. D. E.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Most mutations relevant to evolution occur because

A. of DNA replication during mitosis

B. of DNA replication errors during meiosis

C. of mutagens such as UV light

D. All of the above

E. A & B only

 

Group of answer choices
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Expert Solution
Step 1

A mutation is a change in a cell's DNA's nucleotide sequence. Mutations can take many different forms. Before, during, and after mitosis and meiosis, mutations can take place. A mutation can be passed on to offspring and increase the genetic diversity of the population if it happens in the cells that will undergo meiosis to produce gametes or during the process itself. The only possible source of genetic diversity in asexual reproduction is mutations. In most cases, mutations are detrimental or neutral to progeny, but they can occasionally be advantageous.

Mutations can occur when one or more nucleotides in gene sequence are inserted, deleted, or substituted. 
Small changes of this type are typically caused by errors in DNA replication prior to cell division or by errors in DNA repair in response to DNA damage. These minor changes are commonly referred to as "point mutations." 
If the small change occurs in region of the gene that codes for an important part of the protein, the effect can be significant, as in the sickle cell disease mutation.

 

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