Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134746241
Author: Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question

I need help with Part A question 1 threw 4 

 

Travel time (minutes) 5 Location of Station ID Seismograph Station PMG Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea HNR Honiara, Solomon Islands WRAB Tennant Creek, Australia DAV Davao, Philippines NWAO Narrogin, Australia 1000 Distance To Epicenter (km) 281 1511 1943 2763 4128 Travel Times (Minutes) P-wave S-wave Surface wave 0.7 1.3 3.2 5.6 3.9 7.0 5.2 9.4 7.0 12.6 2000 3000 Distance to epicenter (kilometers) 4000 6.5 8.3 11.9 17.8 5000 15 10 5
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Transcribed Image Text:Travel time (minutes) 5 Location of Station ID Seismograph Station PMG Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea HNR Honiara, Solomon Islands WRAB Tennant Creek, Australia DAV Davao, Philippines NWAO Narrogin, Australia 1000 Distance To Epicenter (km) 281 1511 1943 2763 4128 Travel Times (Minutes) P-wave S-wave Surface wave 0.7 1.3 3.2 5.6 3.9 7.0 5.2 9.4 7.0 12.6 2000 3000 Distance to epicenter (kilometers) 4000 6.5 8.3 11.9 17.8 5000 15 10 5
A. Plot the travel-time data on the graph in Fig. A11.2.1. 1. Use the distance to the epicenter and the travel times to plot the first arrivals for each of the seismograph stations listed in the table. Use a pencil as you plot each point carefully, using the grid lines to assist you in interpolating the point location on the graph. 2. Notice that the points associated with each of the seismic-wave types seem to plot along a line or curve across the graph, so there seems to be a systematic increase in travel time with increasing distance from the epicenter. Lightly sketch a line or curve through the data points you plotted for each type of seismic wave-three lines/curves in total. Be certain that your lines/curves pass through each of the data points that you plotted. When you are confident in both the location of the points you plotted and the lines/curves through those points, darken them so your teacher can see your work clearly. (Hint: Look at 11.5 for guidance.) 3. Label the curve that represents travel times of P-wave first arrivals. Now do the same for the two lines/curves associated with S- and surface-wave first-arrivals, respectively. 4. Briefly explain why these points (and all similar points from other earthquakes) occur along three discrete lines or curves.
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Transcribed Image Text:A. Plot the travel-time data on the graph in Fig. A11.2.1. 1. Use the distance to the epicenter and the travel times to plot the first arrivals for each of the seismograph stations listed in the table. Use a pencil as you plot each point carefully, using the grid lines to assist you in interpolating the point location on the graph. 2. Notice that the points associated with each of the seismic-wave types seem to plot along a line or curve across the graph, so there seems to be a systematic increase in travel time with increasing distance from the epicenter. Lightly sketch a line or curve through the data points you plotted for each type of seismic wave-three lines/curves in total. Be certain that your lines/curves pass through each of the data points that you plotted. When you are confident in both the location of the points you plotted and the lines/curves through those points, darken them so your teacher can see your work clearly. (Hint: Look at 11.5 for guidance.) 3. Label the curve that represents travel times of P-wave first arrivals. Now do the same for the two lines/curves associated with S- and surface-wave first-arrivals, respectively. 4. Briefly explain why these points (and all similar points from other earthquakes) occur along three discrete lines or curves.
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