Milk with a viscosity of μ-3 cP and density p=1060 kg/m³ flows through the pipeline from point 1 to point 2. An X NB (Nominal Bore) pipe is used at an elevation of 100 m at section A. Section B is at an elevation of 107 m, and the pipe size is increased by 50NB. The pipes used are stainless steel with a schedule of 40S. When a discharge of 500 GPM is passed through this pipe, the pressure at section A is observed to be 30 kPa. (a) As a general guideline, a suitable velocity for transferring milk is roughly within 1 to 4 m/s. Determine X NB and Y NB in a way that stays within the suitable range. (b) What is the minimum length for section A for flow to reach fully developed (entrance length)? (c) Calculate the pressure at point 2. Hint: The ID (internal diameter) of the pipe must be considered in the calculation (see the attached file). 2 Note: Y NB > X NB Y NB X NB 107.00 m 100.00 m B datum Nominal Dim 뾰 25 FEET 50 7.25" (184mm) REQUIRED NPSH 0 L/SEC 10 20 30 200 6.75" (171mm) 150 6.25" (159mm) 5.75" (146mm 100 5.25" (133mm 50 50 HEAD IN FEET 100 PUMP PERFORMANCE CURVES 200 400 600 68% 15HP(11.19KW) 74% 79% 82% 84% = 86% 86.5% ---20HP(14.91KW SHP(18.64KW) FLOW IN GALLONS PER MINUTE Nominal Pipe Size Wall Thickness (mm) Outside Stainless Steel Carbon Steel Diameter Sch Sch Sch Sch Sch Sch Sch Sch DN NPS (mm) STD 5S 10S 40S 80S 10 20 30 40 60 Sch Sch 80 O XS 6 18 10.3 1.24 1.73 2.41 1.24 1.45 1.73 1.73 2.41 2.41 8 14 13.7 1.65 2.24 3.02 1.65 1.85 2.24 2.24 3.02 3.02 10 3/8 17.1 1.65 2.31 3.20 1.65 1.85 2.31 2.31 3.20 3.20 15 1/2 21.3 1.65 2.11 2.77 3.73 2.11 2.41 2.77 2.77 3.73 3.73 20 3/4 26.7 1.65 2.11 2.87 3.91 2.11 2.41 2.87 2.87 3.91 3.91 25 1 33.4 1.65 2.77 3.38 4.55 2.77 2.90 3.38 3.38 4.55 4.55 32 1¼ 42.2 1.65 2.77 3.56 4.85 2.77 2.97 3.56 3.56 4.85 4.85 40 1½ 48.3 1.65 2.77 3.68 5.08 2.77 3.18 3.68 3.68 5.08 5.08 50 2 60.3 1.65 2.77 3.91 5.54 2.77 3.18 3.91 3.91 5.54 5.54 2½ 73.0 2.11 3.05 5.16 7.01 3.05 4.78 5.16 5.16 7.01 7.01 80 3 88.9 2.11 3.05 5.49 7.62 3.05 4.78 5.49 5.49 7.62 7.62 90 3½ 101.6 2.11 3.05 5.74 8.08 3.05 4.78 5.74 5.74 8.08 8.08 100 4 114.3 2.11 3.05 6.02 8.56 3.05 4.78 6.02 6.02 8.56 8.56 125 5 141.3 2.77 3.40 6.55 9.53 3.40 6.55 6.55 9.53 9.53 150 6 168.3 2.77 7.11 10.97 3.40 200 8 219.1 2.77 8.18 12.70 3.76 250 10 273.1 300 12 323.9 350 14 355.6 400 16 450 18 500 20 550 22 559 3.40 7.11 3.76 7.04 8.18 8.18 10.31 12.70 3.40 4.19 9.27 12.70 4.19 6.35 7.80 9.27 9.27 12.70 15.09 12.70 3.96 4.57 9.53 12.70 4.57 6.35 8.38 10.31 9.53 14.27 17.48 12.70 3.96 4.78 9.53 12.70 6.35 7.92 9.53 11.13 9.53 15.09 19.05 12.70 406.4 4.19 4.78 9.53 12.70 6.35 7.92 9.53 12.70 9.53 16.66 21.44 12.70 457 4.19 4.78 9.53 12.70 6.35 7.92 11.13 14.27 9.53 19.05 23.83 12.70 508 4.78 5.54 9.53 12.70 4.78 5.54 7.11 10.97 10.97 6.35 12.70 600 24 610 5.54 6.35 9.53 12.70 650 26 660 6.35 9.53 12.70 15.09 9.53 20.62 26.19 12.70 6.35 9.53 12.70 9.53 22.23 28.58 6.35 9.53 14.27 17.48 9.53 24.61 30.96 7.92 12.70 9.53 12.70 12.70 12.70 700 28 711 750 30 762 6.35 7.92 7.92 12.70 15.88 7.92 12.70 15.88 9.53 12.70 9.53 12.70 • Atlas Steels www.atlassteels.com.au 86% 50 84% 82% 79% 74% 68% 30HP(22.37KW)fengenden 1000 1200 These dimensions are nominal - substantial tolerances apply - refer to Atlas TechNote 12 and the star Stainless steel pipe nominal dimensions based on ASTM A312M and ASME B36.19M-2004. Carbon steel pipe nominal dimensions based on ASTM A106M and ASME B36.10M-2004. For other wal above DN 750 up to DN 2000 consult ASME B36.10M. 503 40HP(29.83KW). 60 70 70 60 20 22 50 40 50 HEAD IN METERS 10 100 200 - 500 HEAD IN KILOPASCALS 0 20 -200 METERS 10100 009- 01 KPA

Question 3 Water flows through a 2-in.-diameter (5.08 cm) tube that suddenly contracts to 1 in. diameter (2.54 cm). The pressure drop across the contraction is 3.45 kPa. Determine the volume flow rate. Minor Loss Coefficients for Pipe Entrances Entrance Type Reentrant Minor Loss Coefficient, Ka 0.78 Square-edged Rounded "Based on h-K(V2/2), where V is the mean velocity in the pipe. Contraction loss coefficient, K [ h = Kc \ /² ] 0.5 r/D K 0.02 0.06 ≥ 0.15 0.28 0.15 0.04 Contraction Expansion A1 A2 A₂ AR Ag/A = AR = A₁/A2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.2 о T ° 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Area ratio, AR 1.0 OOOO 0.8 0.6 Expansion loss coefficient, K Loss coefficients for flow through sudden area changes.

Water (specific gravity, G, is 1.0 and the kinematic viscosity, ν, is 1.14 *10-6 m2 /s) flows through a piping system with a flow rate of 0.9 m3/s. The pipe is 2800 m long and 600 mm inside diameter. The pipe has three gate valves, two globe valves, one swing check valve, three standard teesthrough-branch, and four 90o standard elbows. Calculate the following:a- The total length of that piping system.b- Is the flow laminar or turbulent?

Calculate the Flow Rate of water at 5°C through the system below. Q = Flow 3.4 m 700 kPa 30 mm diameter DN 65 mm Schedule 40 Pipe