Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Transcribed Image Text:3. Mayonnaise is an emulsion made from oil, water and egg yolks. What type of molecule is
likely present in egg yolk to allow the oil and water to mix?
4. What do you think happens to the glycerol in the soap making experiment?
5. In earlier centuries soap was made by mixing animal fat with ashes (from campfires) If
you tested the pH of a mixture of ashes and water do you think it would be acidic or
basic?
6. Hopefully most of the excess sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was removed from your soap
during the filtration step because a soap that contains too much base is harmful to
the skin and hair, silk, or wool. A good soap dissolved in water has a pH of between 7
and 9.. What method that we used earlier in this class could have been used to check the
pH of soapy water made from the soap you synthesized? How would you have done the
measurement?
33
Transcribed Image Text:Table 1. Emulsion Formation
Emulsion has formed
(Yes or No)
NO
es
1. From the results in Table 1, can you say that the soap is an emulsifying agent, a
substance able to cause nonpolar and polar substances to mix? How did you reach your
conclusion?
Fron
Sample
Water
Water plus oil
Water plus oil plus soap
Hydrophilic
head
LAB WORKSHEET- Experiment 11
Ester Hydrolysis and Soap Making
Na
0.
No. of Layers Cloudy or Clear
Clear
Clear
cloudy
2
2
water is t
2. The products of the saponification reaction you performed were fatty acid sodium salts and
glycerol. Shown below is a long chain fatty acid sodium salt. The molecule is amphiphilic
because it has a polar end (hydrophilic head) and a nonpolar portion (hydrophobic tail).
HO
Hydrophobic
tail
is able
a) What part of the molecule interacts with water?
Polar bond interacts w/water
CH3
b) Which part of the molecule interacts with a nonpolar substance like grease?
nonpolar interacts w/ grease
32
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