Mammography is currently a controversial topic today for its ability to correctly screen and prevent an incident case of breast cancer. Suppose that the prevalence of breast cancer in a certain group of women is 0.30. Additionally, suppose researchers have determined the false positive rate for mammography screening to be 0.10, and the sensitivity of the screening test to be 0.83. What is the Predictive Value Positive for mammography in this hypothetical example?

After running a mile a day over a period of two weeks, the average amount of weight loss is 2.5 pounds. A dietitian, who publishes health articles in a newspaper, states their new diet program helps with additional weight loss when combining their special diet with running a mile a day over a period of two weeks. Interested in studying the dietitian's article further, you ask friends who have tried the dietitian's new program and you determine their weight loss to be 3.0 pounds in a two-week period, on average. As you set up a hypothesis test to determine if the dietitian's article is correct, what is the dietitian's claim?

Can you explan it better?  I do not understand.

its actually a