m' processes share 'n' resources of the same type. The maximum need of each process doesn't exceed 'n' and the sum all the their maximum needs is always less than m + n. In this set up

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Suppose processes P1-P4 with the given priorities and resource allocations. 1 is the highest priority and 4 is the lowest priority.   Let us also assume that the "no preemption" condition is now relaxed by allowing preemption of resources by processes of higher priority. For example, P3 may preempt P2 or P4 if it needs a resource which they are holding. If P3 preempts one of these processes, say P4, then P4 release all the resources it is holding. Show one sequence of events in which resources are allocated to the 4 processes and the resulting preemptions, if any, until all new requests are serviced. Current allocations are shown below. Each resource has 4 instances. Try to minimize the preemptions as they are expensive. Process ID Process Priority Current allocation New request     R1 R2 R1 R2 P1 1 2 1 2 1 P2 3 0 1 1 0 P3 2 1 1 0 1 P4 4 1 1 2 1

a. Three processes share four resource units that can be reserved and released only one at a time. Each process needs a maximum of two units. Show that a deadlock cannot occur. b. N processes share M resource units that can be reserved and released only one at a time. The maximum need of each process does not exceed M, and the sum of all maximum needs is less than M + N. Show that a deadlock cannot occur.

An operating system uses the Banker's algorithm for deadlock avoidance when managing the allocation of three resource types X, Ý, and Z to three processes PO, P1, and P2. The table given below presents the current system state. There are 3 instances of type X, 2 instances of type Y and 2 instances of type Z still available. The system is currently in a safe state. Answer the following questions! Allocation Max X Y z X Y PO 0 1 8 4 3 (a) If PO requests 2 instances of Z during the P1 3 2 current state, can it be granted? Explain! (b) If P1 requests 2 instances of X during the P2 2 1 1 3 3 3 current state, can it be granted? Explain! CO

COURSE Operating System  Only correct answer will be upvoted. Else downvoted.

Problem 1. Consider the following code example for allocating and releasing, which can be concurrently called by multiple processes to fork new processes.          #define MAX_PROCESSES 255          int number_of_processes = 0; // a shared variable                   /* the implementation of fork() calls this function */          int allocate_process() {          int new_pid;                        if (number_of_processes == MAX_PROCESSES)                    return -1;               else {                    /* code to allocate necessary process resources */                    ++number_of_processes;                             return new_pid;               }          }          /* the implementation of exit() calls this function */          void release_process() {               /* code to release process resources */               --number_of_processes;          }Using the Semaphore structure and its atomic wait() and signal() operations to solve a critical section (mutual exclusion)…

Multi-tasking can not be achieved with a single processor machine.  True  False       2. Async/Await is best for network bound operations while multi-threading and parallel programming is best for CPU-bound operations.  True  False     3. The following is a characteristic of an async method:The name of an async method, by convention, ends with an "Async" suffix.  True  False   4. Using asynchronous code for network bound operations can speed up the time needed to contact the server and get the data back.  True  False     5. Asynchronous programming has been there for a long time but has tremendously been improved by the simplified approach of async programming in C# 5 through the introduction of:  The Task class  True  False

Select all statements below that are true O A set of processes is in a safe state S if S is not a deadlock state and any state T reachable from S is not a deadlock state. In order for a deadlock to occur, only one of the four conditions necessary for deadlocks to occur must be satisfied. O A deadlock means that at least two processes cannot continue working because they are waiting for each to make resources available. о One of the the four conditions necessary for deadlocks to occur is non- preemption. Interrupts, messages, and signals are examples of consumable resources. Reusable resources are produced and consumed dynamically. QL - DELL W

Check the given schedule for serializability: T1 T2 T3 T4 R(X) W(X) Commit W(X) Commit W(Y) R(Z) Commit R(X) R(Y) Commit All the methods for checking the serializability should be discussed with well drawn schedules and diagrams, if any.