Answered: List the parts of the nucleus and…

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter2: Cells And Cell Division

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11QP: Identify the stages of mitosis, and describe the important events that occur during each stage.

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Question

List the parts of the nucleus and explain why each is important.

Expert Solution

Step 1

The nucleus is the specialized structure present in eukaryotic cells and is absent in organisms having prokaryotic cell types such as bacteria, viruses, and more. It is responsible for regulating all cellular activities.

Step 2

Nuclear envelope- Nuclear envelope is made up of two lipid bilayers: the inner and outer layers, which uphold the nucleus's integrity and manage the transport of nutrients between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Chromatin - Chromatin is a DNA-protein complex found in both animal and plant cell. It plays an essential role in condensing and packaging the DNA structures. The purpose of chromatin is to pack DNA into a small volume that can fit into the cell's nucleus while also protecting the DNA structure and sequence.
Nucleolus - The Nucleolus is a unique structure found in eukaryotic cells' nuclei. It is mainly involved in the assembly of ribosomes, the modification of transfer RNA, and cellular stress identification. RNA and proteins from the nucleolus, which forms around various chromosomal areas.
Nuclear lamina: It is a thick fibrillar system that runs across the nucleus. It consists of intermediate filaments and some membrane proteins. It plays an essential role in the regulation of DNA replication and cell division.
Chromosomes: Chromosomes are thread-like structures found within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid make up each chromosome (DNA). It helps to store and conserve genetic material.
Nucleoplasm: It is a type of protoplasm found in the nucleus. It is consist of thick fluid that contain chromatin fibres. It helps protect the chromatin content and nucleolus, as well as the nucleus's rigidity.

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