List some of the physiological effects on histamine. N. HN `NH2 Histamine

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
icon
Related questions
icon
Concept explainers
Question
**Histamine and Its Physiological Effects**

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses, regulating physiological function in the gut, and acting as a neurotransmitter. Here is a detailed description of the histamine molecule and its physiological effects.

### Structure of Histamine

The image illustrates the chemical structure of histamine:
- It consists of an imidazole ring (a five-membered ring containing two nitrogen atoms) attached to an ethylamine chain.

### Physiological Effects of Histamine

1. **Immune Response**: Histamine plays a central role in the body's immune response. It is released by mast cells and basophils in response to allergens, leading to symptoms like itching, swelling, and redness.

2. **Gastric Acid Secretion**: It stimulates the parietal cells in the stomach to secrete acid, aiding in digestion.

3. **Neurotransmission**: In the central nervous system, histamine acts as a neurotransmitter, involved in wakefulness and alertness.

4. **Vasodilation**: It causes the dilation of blood vessels, increasing their permeability, which can lead to inflammation and other allergic symptoms.

5. **Bronchoconstriction**: Histamine can cause the constriction of bronchial smooth muscle, which is significant in conditions like asthma.

Understanding the effects of histamine is essential for the treatment of allergic reactions, gastric disorders, and certain neurological conditions.
Transcribed Image Text:**Histamine and Its Physiological Effects** Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses, regulating physiological function in the gut, and acting as a neurotransmitter. Here is a detailed description of the histamine molecule and its physiological effects. ### Structure of Histamine The image illustrates the chemical structure of histamine: - It consists of an imidazole ring (a five-membered ring containing two nitrogen atoms) attached to an ethylamine chain. ### Physiological Effects of Histamine 1. **Immune Response**: Histamine plays a central role in the body's immune response. It is released by mast cells and basophils in response to allergens, leading to symptoms like itching, swelling, and redness. 2. **Gastric Acid Secretion**: It stimulates the parietal cells in the stomach to secrete acid, aiding in digestion. 3. **Neurotransmission**: In the central nervous system, histamine acts as a neurotransmitter, involved in wakefulness and alertness. 4. **Vasodilation**: It causes the dilation of blood vessels, increasing their permeability, which can lead to inflammation and other allergic symptoms. 5. **Bronchoconstriction**: Histamine can cause the constriction of bronchial smooth muscle, which is significant in conditions like asthma. Understanding the effects of histamine is essential for the treatment of allergic reactions, gastric disorders, and certain neurological conditions.
Expert Solution
steps

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY