Liguanea Pharmaceuticals Limited (LPL) currently sells a product the “sovereign” for $2200. This price is based on annual demand. Analysis indicates that if the company increase the price by $100 annual demand will fall by 400 units. At the current price 4,000 units are demanded. The product has the following cost structure per unit: Direct material $225 Direct labour $75 Direct expenses $150 Variable overheads $90 Fixed overheads $300 Variable selling expense $60 Fixed selling expenses $450 Management wants to know the optimal production quantity and its maximum profits. Determine the price equation Determine the optimal price and quantity Determine the optimal profits.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
Liguanea Pharmaceuticals Limited (LPL) currently sells a product the “sovereign” for $2200. This price is based on annual demand. Analysis indicates that if the company increase the price by $100 annual demand will fall by 400 units. At the current price 4,000 units are demanded. The product has the following cost structure per unit:
|
Direct material |
$225 |
|
Direct labour |
$75 |
|
Direct expenses |
$150 |
|
Variable |
$90 |
|
Fixed overheads |
$300 |
|
Variable selling expense |
$60 |
|
Fixed selling expenses |
$450 |
Management wants to know the optimal production quantity and its maximum profits.
-
Determine the price equation
-
Determine the optimal price and quantity
-
Determine the optimal profits.
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