Let R be a ring and let M be a free R-module with basis B. If N is any R-module and f: B→ N is any mapping, then there exists a unique R-module homo- morphism : M→N such that 18 = f.
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- 22. Let be a ring with finite number of elements. Show that the characteristic of divides .[Type here] 23. Let be a Boolean ring with unity. Prove that every element ofexceptandis a zero divisor. [Type here]21. Prove that if a ring has a finite number of elements, then the characteristic of is a positive integer.
- Let R be a commutative ring with characteristic 2. Show that each of the following is true for all x,yR a. (x+y)2=x2+y2 b. (x+y)4=x4+y444. Consider the set of all matrices of the form, where and are real numbers, with the same rules for addition and multiplication as in. a. Show that is a ring that does not have a unity. b. Show that is not a commutative ring.24. If is a commutative ring and is a fixed element of prove that the setis an ideal of . (The set is called the annihilator of in the ring .)
- Describe the kernel of epimorphism in Exercise 22. Assume that each of R and S is a commutative ring with unity and that :RS is an epimorphism from R to S. Let :R[ x ]S[ x ] be defined by, (a0+a1x++anxn)=(a0)+(a1)x++(an)xn.[Type here] Examples 5 and 6 of Section 5.1 showed that is a commutative ring with unity. In Exercises 4 and 5, let . 4. Is an integral domain? If not, find all zero divisors in . [Type here]40. Let be idempotent in a ring with unity. Prove is also idempotent.