Large numbers of microbes: (Select all that apply) a. contribute to population variability b. create statistical reliability c. contribute to population consistency d. give the same results in studies as smaller populations

3. Explain why it is common practice to also collect information about the physical environment when sampling populations: Quadrat 5 Quadrat 4 Quadrat 3 Quadrat 2 Quadrat 1 0 QUADRAT Height/m Light / arbitrary units Humidity / percent Temperature / °C 1 0.4 40 99 2 0.8 56 88 3 1.2 80 50 Percentage cover 68 72 76 14.3 14.2 Kichen 12.1 12.2 13 4 5 1.6 2.0 72 78 intain: 100 Red stem moss Fern moss Snake moss Star moss Eye brow moss Broad leaved star moss Tree moss Lichens (various species) 4. The figure (above) shows the changes in vegetation cover along a 2 m vertical transect up the trunk of an oak tree (Quercus). Changes in the physical factors light, humidity, and temperature along the same transect were also recorded. From what you know about the ecology of mosses and lichens, account for the observed vegetation distribution:

Choose a public health problem: Maternal health among African American You decide you want to research this problem! Please come up with a research question to guide a research study addressing the problem you have chose. In your own words, guide me through the nine specific steps you would take to develop your study (The nine step research process are: what population, develop the research question, observational or experimental studies, what research design is best, pick your variables and measurements carefully, decide on a sampling technique, implement with fidelity, analyze the data, and disseminate the findings.)

What is the true test of an explanatory model?   A. This model seeks to predict by understanding cause and effects   B. The process allows you to compare and contrast alternatives   C. This approach quantifies economic variables   D. It involves the identification and measures of a phenomena   E. It is considered a fact – finding approach to understanding a phenomena

Cross-sectional surveys measure:A. The prevalence of various demographic characteristics in a well-defined populationB. The exposure histories of a well-defined populationC. The disease states in a well-defined populationD. All the above

Anthony was interested in the height of athletes participating in the 2012 Olympics, so he collected data on all of the athletes that participated in the Olympics in 2012. His results indicated that the average height of an Olympian was 6 feet tall with a standard deviation of 0.5 feet. The average height and standard deviation calculated by Anthony is an example of: Sample Statistics Sample Parameters Population Statistics Population Parameters

The image attached of 100 squares represents a population of people that was stable in size and followed for 2 years for the emergence of a disease. Blue squares represent people in the population that were unaffected by disease over the whole study period. Red squares represent people in the population identified as having disease at the start of the study. The yellow squares were people in the population that were disease free at the start, but developed disease in the subsequent 2 year period. Assume everyone survives to the end of the study period whether or not they develop disease.  1) Based on the image and study description above, what was the prevalence of disease in the population at the start of the study? A) 0% B) 36% C) 38% D) 62%   2) Based on the image above and study description, what was the 2-year cumulative incidence of new disease over the study?   A) 26.0% B) 62% C) 40.6% D) 36%   3) Based on the image above and study description, what is the…