Kirsten, a 3-month-old infant, has begun to have frequent loose stools that progress to awatery diarrhea. She is unresponsive, with dry mucous membranes, sunken fontanels, andlittle, if any, urine output. Respirations are rapid and the heart rate is elevated.Questions1. What acid-base imbalance is Kirsten experiencing, and how is this affecting her abilityto compensate?2. What is the cause of oliguria, and how does this complicate the situation?3. How will hydration affect Kirsten's ability to compensate for the acid-base imbalance?

Acid-base imbalance is the condition in which a person either has acidosis or alkalosis due to the…

Answered: Kirsten, a 3-month-old infant, has…

Phlebotomy Essentials

6th Edition

ISBN:9781451194524

Author:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Publisher:Ruth McCall, Cathee M. Tankersley MT(ASCP)

Chapter1: Phlebotomy: Past And Present And The Healthcare Setting

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1SRQ

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(41) A 59 year old woman comes to the physician because of a 3 day history of decreased urine output . She underwent cadaveric renal transplantation. 10 weeks ago, she has hypertension and type-2 diabetes mellitus. She takes immunosuppressive medications including azathioprine, prednisone and tacrolimus.. Physical examination shows tenderness over the allograft. Serum studies show increased urine nitrogen and increased creatinine concentrations. This patients condition is produced by a specific effector cell that targets the transplanted tissue for destruction through the recognition of foreign MHC class 1 antigens. This effector cell most likely expresses and produces which of the following ? Effector Cell Expression. Effector Cell Production (A) CD3 and CD4. Interleukin 2(IL-2) and interferon gamma (B) CD3 and CD 4. IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 (C) CD3 and CD 8.…
1Z11 @ لا يوجد SIM السؤال If we denote directly proportional with "D" and inversely proportional with "I", the best answer for the relationship between the amount of toxicant excreted by kidney and the following parameters (tubular reabsorption-urine output-ionized portion of toxicant-volume of distribution-protein binding) will be O I-I-I-D-D O I-D-D-I-I O D-D-I-I-I O D-I-D-D-D حفظ الإجابة
J.H. is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed several months ago with nephrotic syndrome following postinfectious glomerulonephritis secondary to an episode of pneumococcal pneumonia. He has been coming to the clinic to have his condition monitored and therapies adjusted as needed. At his latest clinic visit, a decrease in urine output, increasing lethargy, hyperventilation, and generalized edema are noted. Trace amounts of protein are detected in J.H.’s urine by dipstick. Blood is drawn for laboratory analysis, and the results are as follows:pH = 7.36 PaCO2 = 33 mm Hg PaO2 = 100 mm Hg HCO3 – = 18 mEq/L Hct = 30% Na+ = 130 mEq/L K+ = 5.4 mEq/L BUN = 58 mg/dl creatinine = 3.9 mg/dl albumin = 2.0 g/dl What additional physical or laboratory findings would be helpful in determining J.H.’s degree of renal impairment? ( List at least 4 additional physical findings/symptoms or laboratory tests that would be helpful in determining the degree of renal impairment.) 2. What would the treatment…
Maria brings her baby to the emergency room. She reports that her daughter Sophia has had a fever for 2 days. She has also been vomiting and had diarrhea, and she refuses to drink any fluid. Sophia is at risk for a. volume excess. b. volume depletion. c. dehydration. d. hypotonic hydration.
Answer these 3 questions : Question 1One of the functions of the main cells of the collecting tubule is: Question 1 options: a) To secrete potassium ions in the tubular lumen with the help of the hormone aldosterone b) To maintain the pH of the blood between (7.35 - 7.45) c) To secrete sodium ions in the tubular lumen with the help of the hormone aldosterone d) Reabsorb sodium using antidiuretic hormone e) Reabsorb water with the help of the hormone aldosterone Question 2The granulocyte which secretes histamine and other inflammatory mediators is: Question 2 options: a) A lymphocyte b) A neutrophil c) A basophil d) An eosinophil e) A dendritic cell Question 3About the counter-current exchanger mechanism, which sentence (s) is (are) wrong: Question 3 options: a) One of the actions of the vasa recta is to bring oxygen and nutrients into the medullary interstitium and remove metabolic waste b) The ascending and descending branches of the vasa recta are permeable to NaCl and urea c) The…
State the normal range of pH for:a. bloodb. urine
How would your kidney respond to high altitude ?
Any sudden change in vital signs can be extremely important. Hector Garcia has been given an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection. This is the second occurrence of infection in 6 weeks, and he has now been referred for renal ultrasound. While waiting for the initial image to be checked, he complains of feeling short of breath and has a poorly defined discomfort in his chest. What might cause these symptoms? What should you do?
ch 25 act 10 Please answer the following in complete sentences. David has noticed that both the volume and color of his urine varies day to day as well as with the time of day. Help David understand the following observations. When David gets up in the morning and voids after an overnight sleep, he notices his urine is darker in color and smaller in volume than at most other times of the day. What is the explanation for the dark color and smaller volume? David has discovered that after having a couple of beers with friends on a Saturday night, he often voids a significant volume of urine, more than the volume of the beers he has consumed. He also finds that the next morning he is quite thirsty. Provide a physiological explanation for both of these observations. increased urine volume – increased thirst - David has noticed that while strenuously working out at the gym, and for a while afterwards, he rarely…
A deficiency in vasopression can lead to which of the following? answers to choose: Euvolemic hypokaleemia, Euvolemic hyponatremia, or Diabetes insipidus, or Primary hypothyroidism? no references, just homework.
A student got so excited about her acceptance into dental school that she began hyperventilating and then passed out. How might passing out, for a short time, be advantageous? What is her primary acid-base disorder?

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