Jones Excavation Company is planning an investment of $125,000 for a bulldozer. The bulldozer is expected to operate for 1,000 hours per year for five years. Customers will be charged $90 per hour for bulldozer work. The bulldozer operator costs $30 per hour in wages and benefits. The bulldozer is expected to require annual maintenance costing $7,500. The bulldozer uses fuel that is expected to cost $15 per hour of bulldozer operation. Present Value of an Annuity of $1 at Compound Interest Year 6% 10% 12% 15% 20% 1 0.943 0.909 0.893 0.870 0.833 2 1.833 1.736 1.690 1.626 1.528 3 2.673 2.487 2.402 2.283 2.106 4 3.465 3.170 3.037 2.855 2.589 5 4.212 3.791 3.605 3.353 2.991 6 4.917 4.355 4.111 3.785 3.326 7 5.582 4.868 4.564 4.160 3.605 8 6.210 5.335 4.968 4.487 3.837 9 6.802 5.759 5.328 4.772 4.031 10 7.360 6.145 5.650 5.019 4.192 a.  Determine the equal annual net cash flows from operating the bulldozer. Jones Excavation Company Equal Annual Net Cash Flows   Cash inflows:       Hours of operation    1000   Revenue per hour    x 90   Revenue per year      $90,000 Cash outflows:       Hours of operation    1000   Fuel cost per hour  $15     Labor cost per hour  30     Total fuel and labor costs per hour    x 45   Fuel and labor costs per year      45,000 Maintenance costs per year      7,500 Annual net cash flows      $37,500   Feedback b.  Determine the net present value of the investment, assuming that the desired rate of return is 10%. Use the table of present value of an annuity of $1 table above. Round to the nearest dollar. Present value of annual net cash flows $142,163 Amount to be invested 125,000 Net present value $17,163 c.  Should Jones invest in the bulldozer, based on this analysis? Yes , because the bulldozer cost is less than  the present value of the cash flows at the minimum desired rate of return of 10%. d.  Determine the number of operating hours such that the present value of cash flows equals the amount to be invested. Round interim calculations and final answer to the nearest whole number.

Pappy’s Potato has come up with a new product, the Potato Pet. Pappy’s paid $50,000 for a marketing survey to determine the viability of the product. It is estimated that Potato Pet will generate sales of $780,000 per year. The fixed costs associated with this project will be $178,000 per year and variable costs will amount to 30% of sales. The equipment will cost $600,000 and be depreciated in a straight-line manner for the four years of the project life. It can be sold for $20,000 at the end of the project. The initial net operating working capital is $40,000 and will increase by $10,000 each year until the end of the project. Pappy’s is paying a 25% tax rate and has a required rate of return of 6%.The NPV of this project is $__________________.

A firm is considering replacing the existing industrial air conditioning unit. They will pick one of two units. The first, the AC360, costs $26,729.00 to install, $5,020.00 to operate per year for 7 years at which time it will be sold for $6,912.00. The second, RayCool 8, costs $41,419.00 to install, $2,021.00 to operate per year for 5 years at which time it will be sold for $8,947.00. The firm’s cost of capital is 5.34%. What is the equivalent annual cost of the RayCool8? Assume that there are no taxes.

Consider the following project of Hand Clapper, Incorporated. The company is considering a four-year project to manufacture clap-command garage door openers. This project requires an initial investment of $14 million that will be depreciated straight- line to zero over the project's life. An initial investment in net working capital of $590,000 is required to support spare parts inventory; this cost is fully recoverable whenever the project ends. The company believes it can generate $11.6 million in pretax revenues with $4.4 million in total pretax operating costs. The tax rate is 21 percent and the discount rate is 11 percent. The market value of the equipment over the life of the project is as follows: Year Market Value (millions) a. 1 $ 11.2 9.1 234 4.9 1.3 Assuming the company operates this project for four years, what is the NPV? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer in dollars, not millions, rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 1,234,567.89.) b-1. Compute…