Indicate whether the following sentences is True or False 1) Urea is the major nitrogen-containing metabolic product of protein catabolism in humans, accounting for > 75% of the nonprotein nitrogen eventually excreted 2) Dialysis is the process of separating substances in solution based on size and the difference in their diffusion rates through a semipermeable membrane

Indicate whether the following sentences is True or False 1) Urea is the major nitrogen-containing metabolic product of protein catabolism in humans, accounting for > 75% of the nonprotein nitrogen eventually excreted 2) Dialysis is the process of separating substances in solution based on size and the difference in their diffusion rates through a semipermeable membrane

Basic Clinical Laboratory Techniques 6E

6th Edition

ISBN:9781133893943

Author:ESTRIDGE

Publisher:ESTRIDGE

Chapter5: Urinalysis

Section5.3: Physical Examination Of Urine

Problem 2RQ

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Gout—a condition that results in joint swelling and pain—is caused by the formation of sodium urate (NaC5H3N4O3) crystals within tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. Sodium urate precipitates out of blood plasma when uric acid levels become abnormally high. This sometimes happens as a result of eating too many rich foods and consuming too much alcohol, which is why gout is sometimes referred to as the “disease of kings.” If the sodium concentration in blood plasma is 0.140 M, and Ksp for sodium urate is 5.76 * 10 - 8, what minimum concentration of urate would result in precipitation?
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Indicate whether the following sentences is True or False With reason Sentence true False 1. Linoleic and linolenic are polyunsaturated 18C essential fatty acids present in human cells 2. Apolipoprotein B-48 is present in chylomicron and LDL 3. Dialysis is the process of separating substances in solution based on size and the difference in their diffusion rates through a semipermeable membrane 4. IgA nephropathy is the most common type of glomerulonephritis, where polymeric IgA deposition causes glomerular membrane damage and can be examined by a kidney biopsy 5. These lab tests can be required for diagnosing anemia: serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, vit B12, folate, and iron levels 6. Diabetes insipidus is a disorder involves an abnormal increase in diluted urine output, ↑ fluid intake, and thirst, all occurs due to the decrease activity of ADH 7. ACE inhibitors…
The following substances are normal constituents in urine. Determine their metabolic origins in the human body. Urea - Creatinine Indican Uric acid Why is analysis of urine important in the diagnosis of diseases?
1) Anemia, hemorrhage, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can all cause metabolic acidosis. The best explanation is that the lack of oxygen causes: A) a decrease in insulin that, in turn, increases anaerobic glycolysis in the brain B) a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation so the cells have to rely upon anaerobic glycolysis C) a decrease in the oxidation of tyrosine to epinephrine which decreases gluconeogenesis in muscle D) a decrease in the removal of CO2 from the blood. The resulting decrease in pH causes an increase in glycolysis in most cells E) an increase in glycolysis in red blood cells 2) Which of the following is NOT TRUE following β-oxidation in the liver? a) The formation of propionyl CoA could lead to the production of glucose from B-oxidation b) The formation of acetyl CoA could lead to ketone bodies synthesis c) Acetyl CoA could be converted to pyruvate allowing for the production of glucose d) Acetyl CoA could be used for the synthesis of HMG CoA e) Acetyl CoA…
Which of the following is TRUE concerning glucose transport across the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)? Group of answer choices must choose one answer Glucose is usually absorbed approximately 70% here and the remainder of the absorption is under hormonal control in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). Glucose moves by paracellular transport. Glucose moves across the apical membrane by secondary active transport via co-transport with sodium. Glucose transport is passive, requiring facilitated diffusion across both the apical and basolateral membranes.
Hemodialysis is a process by which a machine is used to filter urea and other waste products from an individual’s blood when the kidneys fail. The concentration of urea in the blood is often modeled as exponential decay by the following function: −Kt c(t)=c0e V where K is the mass transfer coefficient (in mL/min), c(t) is the urea concentration in the blood at time t (in mg/mL) and V is the blood volume., and c0 is the initial concentration at time t = 0. Answer the following questions:(a) How long should a patient be put on dialysis to reduce the blood urea concentration from an initial value of 1.65 mg/mL to 0.60 mg/mL, given that K = 340 mL/min and V = 32, 941 mL? b) Derive a general formula for the dialysis time T , in terms of the initial urea concentration c0 and he target urea concentration c (T ) (c) The quantity Kt, is sometimes used as a measure of dialysis treatment adequacy. What are its V units and explain what does this quantity represent?
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