In your own words and in 2 paragraphs: Explain how metamorphosis influences parasitism?

The fruit fly Drosophila neotestacea carries a bacterial symbiont and can also be infected by a nematode worm. The figure shows the number of eggs produced by female fruit flies that are or are not infected by the nematode (two bars on the left vs two bars on the right) and that do or do not have the bacterial symbiont (red vs blue bars). 30 | Symbiont | No symbiont 25 15 10 5 Infected Not infected Assuming that the nematode benefits by being inside the fly, the fly- nematode relationship, when there is no bacterial symbiont, is best described as a(n). Select one: a. mutualism b. competition c. commensalism d. host-parasite relationship Number of eggs produced per ovary 20

Q6) Compare parasitism and mutualism for the two factors (A and B) below. A) What distinguishes these two strategies from the other strategies for interaction? B) What is the long-term benefit to the micro-symbiont as far as access to a new host? C) What is the cost (e.g. DNA that needs to be maintained)?

Most Americans, including some health care professionals, think that parasites are a problem of the third world. Why do you think that is?  In your opinion, why this is ignorant and dangerous.

Please discuss the 3 types of symbiosis and provide examples of each.

Name two insect groups that are known to be mechanical vectors of pathogens.

10) Which of the following statements about the response of hosts to parasitic infections is FALSE?   Question 10 options:     Grooming by mammals and birds is a defense against parasites.     If a parasitic infection occurs, the body often responds with an inflammatory defense, releasing histamines.     Some forms of defense against parasites are behavioral, such as deer avoiding deerflies by seeking dense, shaded areas.     An antibody response is the first line of defense when a parasitic infection occurs.     Plants cut off contact between fungal parasites and healthy tissue by forming cysts or scabs.

Which of the following are true regarding parasites in the phylum Apicomplexa? a) they are intracellular parasites b) when they are inside cells, they exist within a parasitophorous vacuole c) the phylum includes the malaria parasites d) movement of the parasites into cells involves the action of an actomyosin motor e) they only reproduce asexually