In which of the following cases would the atmosphere tend to be destabilized? Air at low levels is cold with little water vapor. Air near the surface is very dense. Little solar energy is being absorbed by the ground surface. The lower atmosphere is warm with high water vapor content. All of the answers are correct.

Atmospheric stability occurs when the air is stable, and it resists rising, and atmospheric instability occurs when the air acts like a hot air balloon. The rising air is warmer, containing moisture, and is less dense than the surrounding air. In this case, the environmental lapse rate is greater than the dry adiabatic lapse rate. Air rises to a height until it reaches the same temperature. For this reason, option 4 is correct.When the air parcel cools faster than the atmosphere, it becomes dry; the condition is said to be as stable. In option 1, the given statement tells us about the stable conditions. Hence the option 1 for the given question is incorrect. When the air near the surface is very dense, it will not rise and will lead to temperature inversion as the layer present above this dense layer is less dense. So the statement is given in option 2, in the same way, tells about the stability of the atmosphere. Hence statement 2 is incorrect. The absorption of solar energy by the earth's surface leads to radiate some longwave radiations from the earth during the day time. If solar energy absorption is less, less radiation will be given back to space by the earth. So the air near the ground will get warm but will cool fast, resulting in stability conditions. Hence option 3 is incorrect for the above reason. All the statements are incorrect except 4 for the mentioned reasons above. Hence statement 5 is also incorrect.Only option 4 states that when the lower atmosphere is warm, with high water vapor content and cools slowly, the atmosphere's instability occurs. As the parcel is light, it moves t a height and gets condensed, producing unstable weather conditions. Hence option 4 is only the correct option

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Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)

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ISBN: 9780134746241

Author: Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Publisher: PEARSON

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Question

In which of the following cases would the atmosphere tend to be destabilized?

1. Air at low levels is cold with little water vapor.
2. Air near the surface is very dense.
3. Little solar energy is being absorbed by the ground surface.
4. The lower atmosphere is warm with high water vapor content.
5. All of the answers are correct.

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