In the great southern city of Picenium, the government runs a contractionary fiscal policy, and the central bank runs an expansionary monetary policy. Using an IS/LM model, explain the combined effect that this contractionary fiscal policy (assume G decreases, but T is constant) and expansionary monetary policy have on the economy. Be sure to explain all the underlying mechanisms, and if output and interest rates are higher/lower or indeterminate after the changes in policies.
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- Pls help with below homwork. Explain and illustrate graphically the possible fiscal and monetary policy responses to a demand shock in the Keynesian model. What are the limitations of fiscal and monetary policy in the Keynesian model when a demand shock disturbs the economy?Exercise 1 a) Use the equation for the circular flow of the real economy to give an overview of thedemand side components and tie players in the macroeconomy to each of thesecomponents.b) How can you use the equation for the circular flow to discuss the effect of fiscal policyand monetary policy?c) As a follow up from part b), discuss the statement: “During the pandemic, expansionarymonetary policy did not boost the economy as expected”.d) For the following two cases, use the equation for the real interest rate to give anexample for each case using numbers for real interest rate, nominal interest rateand inflation. Explain each number you select.Case 1: A situation where it is a real cost if you borrow money.Case 2: A situation where it is a real gain if you borrow money.e) Let GDP (Gross Domestic Product) as a simplification, only be one good, apples. Find theGDP deflator if nominal GDP = 100 and real GDP = 20 and explain these three numbersusing apples as an example.f) As a follow up…What is the difference between monetary policy and fiscal policy? Provide at least three examples of monetary policy? Provide at least three examples of fiscal policy? Give an example of monetary and fiscal policy from the past year in response to Covid?
- P PE ж LRAS YN SRAS AD Y Consider the graphfor this and the next two questions. Assume the following graph depicts the situation in the US right before the financial crisis that recently engulfed the USA. Which curve would you shift in the graph to explain the initial impact of the financial crisis? Indicate the new position of the economy and what it implies. Prescribe a fiscal policy (contractionary or expansionary) policy you will use to bring the economy to its long-term full employment state.As you have learned in Unit 8 (this week), monetary and fiscal policy play important roles in economic stimulation and or stabilization. In this regard: a. When is it appropriate to use monetary and fiscal policy to stimulate or stabilize the economy? b. When is it inappropriate to use monetary and fiscal policy to stimulate or stabilize the economy? c. What specific fiscal policy tools would you use to stimulate aggregate demand and how? d. What specific monetary policy tools would you use to stimulate aggregate demand and how? e. What is your conclusion, should policymakers use the monetary and or fiscal policy to stimulate aggregate demand? Explain briefly.What causes the lags in the effect of monetary and fiscal policies on aggregatedemand? What are the implications of these lags for the debate over active versuspassive policy?
- Economics 1) Distinguish between discretionary and nondiscretionary fiscal policy. 2) Differentiate between expansionary and contractionary fiscal policy. 3) Plot the following markets on a graph: AD/AS graph: using 19.1 trillion for RGDP and 1.9% for inflation as point A (equilibrium). How will our AD/AS graph look like when U.S. government buys more military vessels (Shift the appropriate AD/AS curve on the graph)? 4) Plot the following markets on a graph: AD/AS graph: using 19.1 trillion for RGDP and 1.9% for inflation as point A (equilibrium). How will our AD/AS graph look like when Congress implements an income tax cut (Shift the appropriate AD/AS curve on the graph)?A country can use a combination of monetary and fiscal policies to stabilize or control their economy. Choose the most correct statement. O Only monetary policy can affect interest rates O Only fiscal policy can affect unemployment levels O Only monetary policy can affect the level of real GDP O The federal government is more active in monetary policy than fiscal policy 36Explain the difference between fiscal policy and monetary policy. What are some of the reasons these macroeconomic policies are used? Elaborate on reasons these policies are used.
- On June 5, 2003, the European Central Bank acted to decreasethe short-term interest rate in Europe by half a percentagepoint, to 2 percent. The bank’s president at the time, WillemDuisenberg, suggested that, in the future, the bank could reducerates further. The rate cut was made because European coun-tries were growing very slowly or were in recession. What effectdid the bank hope the action would have on the economy? Bespecific. What was the hoped-for result on C, I, and Y?a. What are the fiscal policy tools the government can use to expand an economy that is in a recession? Explain the interaction between monetary and fiscal policy?b. Explain how monetary policy is expected to affect investment and aggregate expenditure and discuss its connection with interest rates and output?Which of the following statements about Fiscal Policy is INCORRECT (a) In order to combat inflation, the South African Reserve Bank must apply a contractionary fiscal policy; (b) A contractionary fiscal policy can result in higher levels of unemployment; (c) Expansionary fiscal policy will increase the budget deficit; (d) The application of fiscal policy will have no effect on aggregate supply in the AD‐AS model. If the inflation rate is 6% and Susan receives a 6% increase in income, then, over the year, Susan’s: (a) Real and nominal income both remain unchanged; (b) Real and nominal income both rise; (c) Real income rises but nominal income remains unchanged; (d) Nominal income rises but real income remains unchanged. Given the import function, Z = 300 + 2/3Y, which of the following statements is correct? The marginal propensity to save is 1/3; The induced component is 300; 2/3 is the proportion of any income spent on imports; None of…