In the evolution of circulatory systems, how is a 4-chambered heart advantageous compared to a 3-chambered heart?

The mammalian circulatory system includes a four- chambered heart and a double-loop circulation. How do the four chambers of the heart relate to the two circulatory loops?

Explain the effect that decreasing temperature had on the frog heart. How do you think the human heart would respond? Explain the effect that increasing temperature had on the frog heart. How do you think the human heart would respond? Why Ringer’s solution is required to maintain heart contractions?

Trace the evolution of the circulatory system through animals. From sponges up through arthropods ?

Which of the following groups has a three-chambered heart?a. birds c. mammalsb. reptiles other than birds d. amphibians

How do arteries differ from veins?a. Arteries have thicker wall layers to accommodate the changes in pressure from the heart.b. Arteries carry blood.c. Arteries have thinner wall layers and valves and move blood by the action of skeletal muscle.d. Arteries are thin walled and are used for gas exchange.

Make a concept map about Circulatory System ( pathway of pulmonary and Systemic Circulation)

What do the vessels that are carrying oxygen-poor blood back to the heart have that stops blood from flowing backwards? A.thick muscular walls B.valves C.hemoglobin D.SA nodes

Would having two or more hearts be adaptive for vertebrates? Why do you think that invertebrates have evolved multiple hearts but vertebrates have only one?

Why do the blood vessels going to the skin and internal digestive organs constrict to get smaller during a fight or flight response? a. to let in more light b. to increase blood flow c. to redirect blood to the areas that are involved in the panic response d. to allow the body to take in more oxygen