Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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In the double-reciprocal plot, increasing the concentration of inhibitor
A. raises the Vmax.
B. lowers the Km / Vmax.
C. raises the Km / Vmax.
D. lowers the Km.
![This image is a graphical representation of enzyme kinetics, specifically a Lineweaver-Burk plot, which is used to illustrate the effect of inhibitors on enzymatic reactions.
**Lineweaver-Burk Plot:**
Axes:
- The x-axis is labeled as "1/[S]", where [S] is the substrate concentration.
- The y-axis is labeled as "1/v", where v is the reaction velocity.
Lines:
- Three lines are shown, all of which intersect at a common point on the y-axis but diverge in their slopes.
- The bottom line is labeled as "No inhibitor," indicating that it represents enzyme kinetics without any inhibitors present.
- Two additional lines above the "No inhibitor" line are labeled "Increasing inhibitor," representing the presence of increasing concentrations of an inhibitor in the enzymatic reaction.
Explanation:
- The plot exhibits how the presence of inhibitors affects the enzyme's activity. Without inhibitors, the reaction follows the expected kinetics (as shown by the "No inhibitor" line).
- With the increasing presence of inhibitors, the slope of the line increases, demonstrating that the reaction rate decreases more significantly as substrate concentration is increased.
- The different lines' intercepts on the y-axis suggest that as the inhibitor concentration increases, the maximum possible reaction rate (\(V_{max}\)) decreases and/or the apparent affinity of the enzyme for the substrate (reflected in \(1/K_M\)) is altered.
This visual tool is essential in understanding how inhibitors influence enzyme kinetics and thus is frequently used in biochemical studies to characterize the type and efficacy of enzyme inhibitors.](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/0b314f3d-0016-4e6e-b543-d69b758dc3e8/805b102d-9c02-42b4-aae6-faa48f8a3448/56gpjvl_processed.png)
Transcribed Image Text:This image is a graphical representation of enzyme kinetics, specifically a Lineweaver-Burk plot, which is used to illustrate the effect of inhibitors on enzymatic reactions.
**Lineweaver-Burk Plot:**
Axes:
- The x-axis is labeled as "1/[S]", where [S] is the substrate concentration.
- The y-axis is labeled as "1/v", where v is the reaction velocity.
Lines:
- Three lines are shown, all of which intersect at a common point on the y-axis but diverge in their slopes.
- The bottom line is labeled as "No inhibitor," indicating that it represents enzyme kinetics without any inhibitors present.
- Two additional lines above the "No inhibitor" line are labeled "Increasing inhibitor," representing the presence of increasing concentrations of an inhibitor in the enzymatic reaction.
Explanation:
- The plot exhibits how the presence of inhibitors affects the enzyme's activity. Without inhibitors, the reaction follows the expected kinetics (as shown by the "No inhibitor" line).
- With the increasing presence of inhibitors, the slope of the line increases, demonstrating that the reaction rate decreases more significantly as substrate concentration is increased.
- The different lines' intercepts on the y-axis suggest that as the inhibitor concentration increases, the maximum possible reaction rate (\(V_{max}\)) decreases and/or the apparent affinity of the enzyme for the substrate (reflected in \(1/K_M\)) is altered.
This visual tool is essential in understanding how inhibitors influence enzyme kinetics and thus is frequently used in biochemical studies to characterize the type and efficacy of enzyme inhibitors.
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