A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780134753119
Author: Sheldon Ross
Publisher: PEARSON
Bartleby Related Questions Icon

Related questions

Topic Video
Question
100%
### Probability in Education Lineage Among Ivy League Schools: Harvard, Dartmouth, and Yale

#### Problem Context:
Historically, Harvard, Dartmouth, and Yale admitted only male students. Assume the following in terms of educational continuity among these institutions:

- **Harvard**: 80% of the sons of Harvard alumni attended Harvard, while the remaining 20% attended Yale.
- **Yale**: 40% of the sons of Yale alumni attended Yale. The rest were equally divided between Harvard and Dartmouth.
- **Dartmouth**: 70% of the sons of Dartmouth alumni attended Dartmouth, 20% attended Harvard, and 10% attended Yale.

#### Questions:

1. **Find the probability that the grandson of a Harvard alumnus attended Harvard.**
   
   To solve this, we need to consider both the son's and the grandson's probabilities of attending Harvard. The calculations involve multiple steps in conditional probability, taking into account the paths through Harvard, Yale, and Dartmouth.

2. **Modify the problem by assuming that the son of a Harvard alumnus always attended Harvard. Find the probability that the grandson of a Harvard alumnus attended Harvard.**

   If it is certain that the son attends Harvard, the problem simplifies as only the probability of the grandson needs to be considered.

### Detailed Steps for Calculation:

**Question 1:**
- Assume the initial probability tree and calculate the following:

   **For the Harvard alumnus's son:**
   - Probability (Son attends Harvard) = 0.8
   - Probability (Son attends Yale) = 0.2

   **For the son who attended Harvard:**
   - Probability (Grandson attends Harvard given Father attended Harvard) = 0.8
   
   **For the son who attended Yale:**
   - Probability (Two scenarios for Grandson):
     - Probability (Grandson attends Harvard given Father attended Yale) = 0.3 * 0 + 0.6 * 0.8 + 0.1 * 0.2

  Calculate the combined probability for the grandson attending Harvard by summing the products of the individual path probabilities.
  
**Question 2:**
- Given that the son of a Harvard alumnus always attends Harvard:
  - Probability (Son attends Harvard) = 1.0

  Calculate the probability considering only the grandchild:
  - Probability (Grandson attends Harvard given Father attended Harvard) = 0.8

By
expand button
Transcribed Image Text:### Probability in Education Lineage Among Ivy League Schools: Harvard, Dartmouth, and Yale #### Problem Context: Historically, Harvard, Dartmouth, and Yale admitted only male students. Assume the following in terms of educational continuity among these institutions: - **Harvard**: 80% of the sons of Harvard alumni attended Harvard, while the remaining 20% attended Yale. - **Yale**: 40% of the sons of Yale alumni attended Yale. The rest were equally divided between Harvard and Dartmouth. - **Dartmouth**: 70% of the sons of Dartmouth alumni attended Dartmouth, 20% attended Harvard, and 10% attended Yale. #### Questions: 1. **Find the probability that the grandson of a Harvard alumnus attended Harvard.** To solve this, we need to consider both the son's and the grandson's probabilities of attending Harvard. The calculations involve multiple steps in conditional probability, taking into account the paths through Harvard, Yale, and Dartmouth. 2. **Modify the problem by assuming that the son of a Harvard alumnus always attended Harvard. Find the probability that the grandson of a Harvard alumnus attended Harvard.** If it is certain that the son attends Harvard, the problem simplifies as only the probability of the grandson needs to be considered. ### Detailed Steps for Calculation: **Question 1:** - Assume the initial probability tree and calculate the following: **For the Harvard alumnus's son:** - Probability (Son attends Harvard) = 0.8 - Probability (Son attends Yale) = 0.2 **For the son who attended Harvard:** - Probability (Grandson attends Harvard given Father attended Harvard) = 0.8 **For the son who attended Yale:** - Probability (Two scenarios for Grandson): - Probability (Grandson attends Harvard given Father attended Yale) = 0.3 * 0 + 0.6 * 0.8 + 0.1 * 0.2 Calculate the combined probability for the grandson attending Harvard by summing the products of the individual path probabilities. **Question 2:** - Given that the son of a Harvard alumnus always attends Harvard: - Probability (Son attends Harvard) = 1.0 Calculate the probability considering only the grandchild: - Probability (Grandson attends Harvard given Father attended Harvard) = 0.8 By
Expert Solution
Check Mark
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Probability
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, probability and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)
Probability
ISBN:9780134753119
Author:Sheldon Ross
Publisher:PEARSON
Text book image
A First Course in Probability
Probability
ISBN:9780321794772
Author:Sheldon Ross
Publisher:PEARSON