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- The transformation of glucose to lactate in myocytes releases only about 7% of the free energy released when glucose is completely oxidized to CO2 and H2O. Does this mean that anaerobic glycolysis in muscle is a wasteful use of glucose? Explain.During a 20-minute workout, a person burns 350 calories. What is the number of grams of glucose undergoing glycolysis in muscle cells with ample supply of oxygen? NADH in muscle cells is transported via the glycerol phosphate shuttle (which byhpasses Complexes I and II of the ETC). The human ATP synthase has 8 c subunits. Take note: Molar mass of glucose is 180 g/mol 1 calorie = 4.184 J phosphorylation potential in muscle cells is ~55 kJ/molassuming each NADH produces 3 ATP and each fadh2 produces 2 ATP in oxidative phosphorylation (perfect world scenario), how many ATP molecules can one glucose molecule make via cellular respiration under aerobic conditions?
- Consider a 24:1 △cis-9 fatty acid in the mitochondrion. For each fatty acid given, determine the following. 1. Gross ATP from b-oxidation cycles 2. Gross ATP from acetyl CoA produced 3. Gross ATP from conversion of propionyl CoA (if applicable) 4. Total number of ATP deducted 5. Total net ATPDescribe the process of oxidative phosphorylation. In your description, include the terms NADH, FADH2, ATP, mitochondria (or mitochondrial), glycolysis, citric acid cycle, electron (or electrons), proton (or protons), and oxygen. Be sure to describe how ATP molecules get produced, and how many ATP molecules are produced per FADH2 and NADH (note; NADH from outside the mitochondria generate a different number of ATP compared to NADH inside the mitochondria; your description should indicate both quantities for full credit.) vas 19llo ton lle vowor 1esbLactate dehydrogenase (LDH) plays an essential role in an exercising muscle, especially when the level of excursion surpasses the ability of circulatory systems ability to supply adequate oxygen. What is the main reason LDH is so important to the muscle under these conditions? It produces one mole of ATP via substrate level phosphorylation. It resupplies NAD+ to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. It decreases pH thus decreasing the dissociation rate of oxygen from hemoglobin It produces NADH for energy while converting pyruvate into lactate. It removes excess lactic acid from the muscle to create pyruvate. Next
- During glycolysis, glucose is converted to pyruvate. Pyruvate then is converted to Acetyl coA and enters the citric acid cycle. Per one (1) glucose molecule that undergoes glycolysis and TCA cycle, complete the table below ATPS produced Products from glycolysis 1. ATP 2. NADH 3. _Pyruvate Equivalence in ATP ATP ATPS АТР Equivalence in ATP ATPS Products from TCA ATPS produced АТР 4. NADH 5. FADH2 6. GTP ATPS ATP ATPS ATP TOTAL ATP Produced 7. ATPAssuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of five molecules of glucose (by a eukaryotic cell) into carbon dioxide and water would produce approximately _________ ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 2.5 ATP and FADH2 = 1.5 ATP)"Gerty and Carl Cori discovered the relationship of the liver-muscle axis and its relationship of 3. glucose and lactate turnover. After understanding this cycle, why would it be a bad idea to drink alcohol after a strenuous run knowing that alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver utilizes NAD+?
- In the presence of excess oxygen, a complete oxidation of seven molecules of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, by a yeast cell, would produce approximately ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 3 ATP and FADH2 = 2 ATP)Glycerol backbone of a fat molecule can be converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an intermediate in glycolysis. Assuming that the single glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate undergoes complete oxidation to CO₂, how many ATPs are produced by oxidative phosphorylation only (i.e. exclude ATPs from substrate level phosphorylation) from a single fat molecule? O 20 O 18 O 17 O 15 08After pyruvate is formed, it must either be converted to another molecule to enter the citric acid cycle and ultimately produce ATP by utilizing the electron-transport chain, or go through alternate pathways to produce NAD Identify the products formed in the pathway of pyruvate and indicate whether NADH+H or NAD are produced under aerobic and anaerobic respiration Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Alcohol (ethanol) Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration Acetyl coenzyme A Normal cell Yeast Lactate NAD+ produced NADH+H* produced Submit End products NAD*/ NADH+H* Previous Answers Request Answer Group 1 Group 2 Exercising Muscle Lactate Group 2 Group 1 Group 2
